پديد آورندگان :
عليزاده زوارم، علي نويسنده دانشجوي دكتري مديريت (تحقيق در عمليات) گروه مديريت، دانشكده علوم اداري و اقتصادي، دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد Alizadeh Zoeram, A. , ناجي عظيمي، زهرا نويسنده استاديار گروه مديريت، دانشكده علوم اداري و اقتصادي، دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد Naji Azimi, Z.
كليدواژه :
برنامه‌ريزي آرماني , الگوي كشت , برنامه‌ريزي كشاورزي , تئوري فازي
چكيده فارسي :
از موضوعات مهم در حوزه برنامه‌ریزی كشاورزی، دستیابی به الگو یا تركیب مناسبی از محصولات مدنظر جهت كشت می باشد. در این راستا، با توجه به محدودیت های موجود، میزان منابع در دسترس و مدنظر قرار گرفتن اهداف یا آرمان‌های مختلف، برنامه ریزی و تصمیم گیری به منظوراستفاده بهینه از منابع و عوامل تولید با پیچیدگی‌های خاصی همراه می‌باشد.در نتیجه بكارگیری مدل‌های ریاضی تا حد زیادی می‌تواند به برنامه‌ریزی در این حوزه كمك نماید. هدف این مطالعه، تعیین الگوهای مناسب كشت محصولات زراعی یك مزرعه كشاورزی در استان خراسان شمالی می‌باشد كه به این منظوراز مدل برنامه ریزی آرمانی فازی و حل آن بر اساس سناریوهای مختلف بهره گرفته شده است.بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از فرایند ارائه شده، با توجه به محدودیت ها و آرمان های مسأله مربوطه، چهار الگوی كشت بر مبنای هشت سناریوی مطرح شده برای محصولات زراعی مزرعه مورد مطالعه پیشنهاد گردیدند. الگوهای كشت پیشنهادی به گونه‌ای ارائه شده‌اند كه زمینه را برای تصمیم‌گیری بهتر پیرامون تركیب مناسب كشت محصولات زراعی در شرایط مختلف بر اساس آرمان های مدنظر توسط تصمیم‌گیرندگان فراهم می‌آورند. در نهایت، الگوهای ارائه شده با توجه به بیشترین میزان دستیابی به سطح مطلوب تمامی آرمان‌ها اولویت‌بندی شدند كه بر این اساس، تصمیم گیرندگان می‌توانند با توجه به اولویت مدنظر خود پیرامون هر یك از آرمان‌ها، الگوی مناسب كشت محصولات زراعی را انتخاب نمایند
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction One of the important subject in the field of agricultural programming is reaching to a pattern or appropriate crop rotation to plant. Existing constraints, including the amount of available resources, and different goals, makes the decision to optimize the use of resources and production factors a complicated task. Therefore, applying mathematical models can be a grate help in this field. The goal of this study is to determine the appropriate patterns of crop cultivation in a farm in the North Khorasan province.
Materials and Methods Implem enting fuzzy goal programming (FGP) model based on different scenarios was employed to achieve our goals. According to results ,represented process , constraints and problem goals, four plant patterns are offered based on eight proposed scenarios for crop products in this farm or this study. These proposed cultivation pattern can help to make better decision for determination the appropriate rotation of crops in different conditions and different goals by decision makers.
Results Discussion Finally, proposed cultivation patterns were prioritized according to maximum amount of reaching the desired level of total goals. Based on maximum level of reaching goals, different scenarios consisted of income, cost, production resources, income-cost, income-production resources, cost-production resources, income-cost-production resources with equal weights, and income-cost-production resources with different weights have been prioritized and four cropping pattern have been detected. In first pattern, three scenario consisted of scenario 1 (income), scenario 4 (income-cost) and scenario 5 (income-production resources) have combined. The second pattern have made scenario 2 (cost). In third pattern, scenario 3 (production resources), scenario 6 (cost-production resources) and scenario 7 (income-cost-production resources with equal weights) have combined. The scenario 8 (income-cost-production resources with different weights) have considered as fourth pattern, too. For each pattern, the level of reaching goals have been differentiated. In order to determine the appropriate pattern of cropping Euclidean distance have been used. The main difference between outputs of these patterns in pursuit of favorable culture could be due to labor, urea, and income, so the highest aspiration to achieve the desired level of labor have been to cultivation patterns 2 and 3. The desired level of urea fertilizer have been 3, and the highest aspirations and achieve the desired level of income of cropping pattern have been 1. Overall, the appropriate pattern of crop have selected based on the minimum Euclidean distance among of four patterns. In conclusion, Pattern 4 based on scenario 8 (income-cost-production resources with different weights) with minimum swing of desired level of goals have selected as appropriate pattern. Patterns 2, 3 and 1 situated in next priorities.
Conclusion In agriculture planning, sometimes, conflict between objectives occurs. Goal programming is a technique to achieve proper patterns in agricultural planning, by considering different objectives. Due to high uncertainty about the number of desired level of objectives, goal programming model results may be desirable to have or not to conform actual conditions. To resolve this problem, fuzzy goal programming can be utilized where in addition to consider the appropriate level of ideals, fluctuations can be defined for each of them. In this study, fuzzy goal programming models were applied. The proposed method of this study can help farmers to make decision to detect crop patterns. Therefore they can approach to the right decisions based on limited, available resources and importance of goals. Therefore, decision makers can select the appropriate pattern for cropping according to their priority for each goal.
