پديد آورندگان :
خسروبيگي برچلويي، رضا نويسنده , , خاكپور، براتعلي 1342 نويسنده علوم انساني , , ايستگلدي، مصطفي نويسنده استاديار جغرافيا و برنامه ريزي شهري، دانشگاه زابل Istgaldi, Mostafa , شمس الديني، رضا نويسنده مربي مديريت صنعتي، دانشگاه ولي عصر رفسنجان Shamsoddini, Reza , آفتاب، احمد نويسنده دانشجوي دكتراي جغرافيا و برنامه ريزي شهري، دانشگاه محقق اردبيلي Aftab, Ahmad
كليدواژه :
TOPSIS model , بندر تركمن , تاپسيس فازي سلسله مراتبي , تصميم گيري چندمعياره , Bandar Turkmen , Multi Criteria Decision Making , social sustainability , پايداري اجتماعي
چكيده لاتين :
1- INTRODUCTION
Today, the standards of living and consumption rates in metropolitans are higher than other areas, but due to the prevalence of a sense of individuality among people, a lack of belonging to the neighborhood, low contacts with friendship and neighbors and fellow citizens, the absence of any social supervision due to the anonymity of citizens, especially weak religious beliefs, there has been a dramatic surge in the rate of mental disorders and prevalence of crime and other social aberrations. As such, todayʹs urban environment is infused with a sense of segmentation and alienation in which the achievement of social sustainability and maintenance of relationships seem far fetching. Hence, the importance of social stability and its evaluation in addressing the social malaises and securing the welfare of citizens cannot be overemphasized.
The present study seeks to present a brief review of the literature on social sustainability and to identify its key components with the aim of introducing a proper framework for selecting indicators through the adoption of a systematic and integrated approach using a multi-criteria analysis and TOPSIS - fuzzy model to assess and prioritize social sustainability in different areas of the Bandar Turkmen city. The present study sets out to answer the following question:
- What is the status of social sustainability in five Urban Districts of Bandar Turkmen?
- How do the five urban districts of Bandar Turkmen differ in terms of social sustainability indicators?
2-THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The evaluation of social impact on sustainable development involves the processes of analyzing, and monitoring the positive and negative management outcomes and unintended social consequences, intervening factors (policies, programs, plans and projects) and the process of social change are mainly motivated by these intervening factors. If the sustainable development is the ultimate goal, we would need means and methods to help evaluate the degree of progress towards sustainability on various (global, national and regional) scales. A review of the literature shows a host of classifications proposed for the methods and instruments of assessing and measuring sustainability. In general, all of these methods fall into three categories: production-oriented evaluation, project-based evaluation and national-regional evaluation, besides an indicator-based evaluation. In recent years, a number of frameworks have been proposed for selecting indicators with the aim of developing a systematic basis for the analysis of sustainable development and strengthening policies to ensure the unbiased and fair adoption of indicators.
Pressure state response (PSR), CSD, Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the standard evaluation system (metrics), the framework presented by the Chemical Engineers (IChemE) and the Wuppertal Institute frameworks are some instances of such frameworks proposed for selecting the indicators of sustainability.
3- METHODOLOGY
With the development of Multi-Attribute Decision Procedures, especially the fuzzy models and the emergence of multi-criteria fuzzy methods, there has been a breakthrough in the sustainability analysis. In this regard, the Fuzzy TOPSIS method or Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, has been the subject of growing attention. Therefore, in this paper the TOPSIS Multi Criteria Decision technique has been used to measure and rank social sustainability in urban areas of Bandar Turkman. Since the majority of the fuzzy TOPSIS models presented in the earlier studies fail to account for the hierarchical structure in multi-criteria problems, the TOPSIS model proposed in this paper is capable of problem solving through a hierarchical structure.
4- DISCUSSION
The results of the study suggests that District 1 with a score of 0.40 has the most suitable status with Districts 5, 2, 3 and 4 with scores of 0.24, 0.17, 0.11 and 0.09 being in the next order of priority in terms of social sustainability. The overall status of social stability achieved through study measures show that the criteria such as quality of access to information and communication, the quality of employment and income, education and population dynamics with mean scores of of 2.20, 2.36, 2.71 and 2.99 respectively are consistent with the results of the stepwise regression, which explains the low stability in urban areas. While these measures have the greatest impact on sustainability, their general level in urban areas of Bandar Turkmen was lower than the standard level on the Likert scale (with a median of 3). This indicates the inadequacy of the above criteria in Bandar Turkmen and the lack of any systematic measures for their organization.
5- CONCLUSION & SUGGESTIONS
These findings suggest that the general condition of social sustainability in urban districts of Bandar Turkmen is not desirable so that a mean value of 0.2 was achieved for the coefficients of social sustainability priorities in the Bandar Turkmen using TOPSIS model, which is far from the ideal status.
Identifying the status quo and evaluating the social sustainability is merely aimed at raising awareness about the status of social indicators and pathology of functional sustainability of various aspects of social sustainability.
Accordingly, it has prepared the ground for studying the roots of the problem, highlighting the main issues with the aim of presenting appropriate strategies, which can help the researchers to follow the logical path of research to identify the requirements of sustainable development. Therefore, with the disclosure of the issues at both regional and dimensional aspects, the above points can be considered in the future plans and projects.
