بررسي اثر برون تن و درون تن ارگانوفسفات ها بر آنزيم كولين استراز تثبيت شده بر روي فيلترهاي پلي اوره تان

In Vitro and In Vivo Effect of Organophosphate Compounds on Polyurethane Foams Immobilized Cholinesterase

The organophosphates are used in large quantities around the world as agricultural insecticides. Exposure to these toxic chemicals is a serious global health problem, poisoning more than 3 million and killining 200,000 annually. Butyrylcholinesterase from Human plasma (HuBChE) is a potential candidate for detoxification of certain harmful chemicals that contain carboxylic or phosphoric acid ester bonds. human butyrylcholinesterase is also known to be good scavenger of organophosphorus pesticides and chemical warfare agents. In this study purified Human Butyrylcholinesterase (HBChE) from pooled human plasma, was immobilized on solid support such as polyurethane foam using entrapment with starch or agarose, or covalently linked with glutaraldehyde. The immobilized enzyme showed greater stability in room and at higher temperatur (55°c) compared to the soluble enzyme. Scavenger properties of immobilized enzyme were tested in vitro with parathion and its active metabolite, and in vivo with parathion. In, in vitro experiments polyurethane foam with active enzyme compared to foam with inactive enzyme removed 45% of parathion and 55% of paraoxon inhibitory activity. In the in vivo experiment group, rats were kept in seperate animal test chambers inhaled vaporized parathion through foam with active (Group I) and inactive (Group III) enzyme. In group III animals, activity of plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase I was decreased 28 to 30% of control level in compared to group. In other tissue such as brain and skeletal muscle enzyme activity was decreased significantly (29 and 23% respectively). In conclusion we believe that cholinesterases are important enzymes for scavenging, detoxifying and treatment of organophosphate poisoning. Future studies should focus on cloning, expressing, and production of these and other useful enzymes.