ميزان بروز عفونتها در بيماران پيوند كليه در 6 ماه اول پس از پيوند

Incidence of Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients after Transplantation

Renal transplantation in patients with renal disease is an effective renal replacement therapy. The quality of life in renal transplanted patients is higher than those on hemodialysis in Iran. However, the higher risk of infection due to immuosuppressive therapy, especilally one year after renal transplantation can result in death or other complications. We conducted a prospective and cross-sectional study to evaluate the incidence of infection six months after renal transplantation on 287 recipients who have undergone renal transplantation in labbafinejad hospital from 1993 to 1997. Thirty-one patients who returned to dialysis status after graft failure or did not have regular follow up were excluded. One hundred and seventy nine cases (70%) were male and 77 patients (30%) were female. One or several infectious events occurred in 71%. Incidence of infection was higher among old patients (60-70yrs) whereas, young group (20-30 yrs) had lower incidence rates. Forty-one percent of infection episodes were seen in the first month and the rest were observed two to six months after renal transplantation. Infections seen 6 months after renal trasnsplantation included: urinary tract infection (62%), upper and lower respiratory tract infections (16.5%), mucocutaneous infections (4.2%) and the others (5.8%). The most common urinary pathegens were E coli (45%), pseudomonas (16%) and coagulase negative staphilococci, respectively. In conclusion, post renal transplant infection in six months after surgery was frequent and UTI was the most common cause of it. Thus, 6-12 months prophylactic antibiotic therapy is recommended to prevent UTI.