ارتباط حدت ديد سه بعدي با عيوب انكساري در كودكان دبستاني

Correlation between Refractive Error and Stereoacuity

Purpose: To assess the correlation between refractive error and stereoacuity in school children. Methods: In this correlational study, 202 children with normal visual acuity and 104 children with refractive error and without amblyopia (90 myopic, 4 hyperopic, 4 astigmatic, and 4 anisometropes) were included. All children were in 7-12 years age group and sex distribution was equal in two groups. Stereoacuity was measured for each child with the Titmus test at 40 cm distance. In children with refractive error, stereoacuity measurement was repeated after correction of the refractive error with spectacles. Results: Mean stereoacuity in the control group and in children with refractive errors before and after correction with spectacle were 43, 96, and 45 seconds of arc, respectively. Mean stereoacuity in children with refractive error before correction with spectacle was less than the control group (P<0.0001). After correction of the refractive error with spectacle the difference was not statistically significant. Correction of refractive error with spectacle resulted in improved stereoacuity to normal values in all types of refractive errors except anisometropia. There was no significant linear relationship between visual acuity of the worse eye and stereoacuity in children with refractive errors (r= -0.12, P= 0.23) Conclusion: Uncorrected refractive errors especially anisometropia can significantly decrease stereoacuity in children. Stereoacuity tests may be used for screening of refractive errors in children.