طراحي مدل رهبري در زنجيره هاي تامين سه سطحي نامحدود: نظريه بازي هاي غيرهمكارانه پويا

Designing Leadership models in a Three Level Unlimited Supply Chain: NonCooperative Game Theory Approach

هدف از مديريت زنجيره تأمين، بهبود فعاليت هاي مختلف اجزا و سطوح يك زنجيره تأمين به منظور بهبود وضع كلي است . در اين هنگام ممكن است بين اهداف اجزا و سطوح مختلف در جهت رسيدن به اهداف كلي، تضاد و تناقضات بسياري مشاهده شود، كه اين اختلالات و تناقضات به مرور زمان به كاهش قدرت و رقابت پذيري منجر خواهد شد . از جمله تعارضات، هزينه هاي بازاريابي، قيمت گذاري و موجودي هستند. در تحقيق حاضر و با فرض عدم همكاري بين سطوح گوناگون و در حالت بازي هاي پويا با اطلاعات كامل، شناسايي رهبر مناسب از بين سطوح مختلف، مورد نظر است . در حالت بازي غيرهمكارانه پويا، هر يك از سطوح، اعم از خرده فروشان، تأمين كنندگان و توليدكنندگان، بسته به قدرت چانه زني و جايگاه خود در بازار، مي توانند نقش پيشرو را داشته باشند . با بررسي مدل هاي گوناگون، نتيجه گيري شد كه حركت رهبري از انتهاي زنجيره به ابتدا، سود كلي زنجيره تأمين را كاهش داده است.

The role and importance of supply chain management, has faced with many challenges and problems. Although a comprehensive model of supply chain issues, has not been explained, we have to indicate that issues such as reviewing the theoretical foundations of information systems, marketing, financial management, logistical and organizational relations have been considered by many researchers. The objective of supply chain management is to improve various activities and components to increase overall supply chain system benefits. In order to achieve the overall objectives, many contradictions may occur between the components and different levels of supply chain and the contradictions that these disorders over time, result in decreased strength and competitiveness of the supply chain. Such conflicts, like marketing costs (advertising), pricing and inventory can occur during the supply chain life cycle. A Game Theory approach with respect to property is the appropriate tool for collaboration in the supply chain. This tool is used for collaborative making in any kind of supply chain such as cooperative supply chain and noncooperative supply chain. In the present study and assuming a lack of cooperation between different levels of a supply chain, a dynamic game with complete information has been generated. In addition identifying appropriate leaders of various levels of the supply chain is considered. NonCooperative dynamic game mode (Stackelberg Game), for each of the three levels of supply chain including retailers, suppliers and manufacturers are modeled. Depending on the bargaining power and its position in the market, any level of supply chain can make a leader of the following rule. In the present study, the equilibrium model to play Stackelberg game may be led by a leader or leading players and ultimately identifying and modeling the appropriate unlimited three level supply chain are determined.