ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ارتباط اﺣﺴﺎس ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ با نوع دينداري و سوگيري ايدئولوژيك

The relationship between the sense of political justice, religiosity and ideological bias

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻴﺰان اﺣﺴﺎس ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ آن در ﻣﻴﺎن دانشجويان يا ﻧﺴﻞ ﺳﻮم اﻧﻘﻼب ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﺳﻴﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﻳﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، مهم‌ترين ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎت ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ اجمالاً ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و در ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮيه ﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻛُﻠﻤﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺﺳﺎزي ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ اﻟﻬﺎم از ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ­ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ، اﺣﺴﺎس ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﺰﻳﻲ از ﻧﮕﺮش ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻓﺮد ﺗﻠﻘﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ و در اداﻣﻪ، ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻨﺎد ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎت ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪﭘﺬﻳﺮي ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج و ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺎت ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ روش ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ و ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي 370 ﻧﻔﺮي از داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻳﺰد ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ­ﮔﻴﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪ­اي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ­اي ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﺳﻴﺪه اﺳﺖ.ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ­ﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺣﺎﻛﻲ از آن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ 93 درصد از پاسخگويان احساس عدالت سياسي متوسط رو به پايين را تجربه مي كنند. نوع دينداري فرد با ضريب رگرسيون استاندارد 476/0 بيشترين تأثير را بر احساس عدالت سياسي داشته است. همچنين تأثير ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ سوگيري ايدئولوژيك بر احساس عدالت سياسي با ضريب 25/0 معنادار شناخته شد. در مجموع، ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮهاي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ تحقيق توانستند حدود 39 درصد از تغييرات متغير وابسته يعني احساس عدالت سياسي را تبيين كنند.

This study focuses on the sense of political justice and examines its determinants among the university students who are considered as the third generation of the revolution. Theoretically, this study is primarily based on the theory of political equality developed by Coleman. It also partly uses the theories of political socialization and social psychology in order to develop the research hypotheses. The discussion of this article is based on a survey which includes 370 students of the Yazd University who have been chosen on the basis of multistage cluster sampling. According to the research findings, the sense of political justice of 93 percent of respondents is less than middle level. Further, the results show that religiosity has the strongest effect on the sense of political justice (with standardized regression coefficient of 0/476). Also, the sense of political justice is significantly associated with ideological bias (with standardized regression coefficient of 0/25). In sum, the independent variables of this study could explain about 39 percent of the variation in the sense of political justice.