ارزيابي راه‎كار‌هاي حل تعارض در گزارش‌هاي جرح و تعديل يونس بن عبدالرحمان

Evaluating the Proposed Solutions for the Conflicts between Validating (Taʹʹadil) and Invalidating (Jarh) Narratoins about Younos bin Abdorrahmān

يونس بن عبدالرحمان از برجستگان اصحاب امامان و مشايخ حديث اماميه است. در منابع، علاوه بر گزارش‎هاي فراوان مدح يونس، گزارش‎هاي جرح نيز درباره او نقل شده است. در حل تعارض اين دو دسته از گزارش‎ها، رويكردهايي چون مردود دانستن گزارش‎هاي جرح به دليل ضعف سند، توجيه آن‎ها با حمل بر تقيه و جرح مصلحتي و يا جعلي دانستن برخي از آن‎ها از سوي برخي از رجاليون ارايه شده است. مقاله حاضر به بررسي علت‌هاي گوناگون اختلاف نظر درباره يونس بن عبدالرحمان مي‎پردازد و هدف آن شناسايي و سامان‌دهي شاخص‌هايي علاوه بر وثاقت، عدالت و مقام علمي، به منظور افزايش امكان فهم جايگاه مشايخي چون يونس است؛ از جمله شاخص‌هايي مانند: فضاي ديني، فرهنگي و علمي كه مطالب در آن ارايه و عرضه شده، اوضاع اجتماعي و سياسي و نسبت آن به طور خاص با يك راوي، انگيزه‌هاي شخصي و فرقه‌اي براي قدح و ايجاد بدبيني درباره‌ي يك راوي.

Younos bin Abdorrahm?n, is one of the prominent companions of Imams. In addition to many Validating (Taʹadil) Narratoins, the Invalidating (Jarh) ones were also reported in the sources about him. Regarding the conflicts between these two groups of narrations, various solutions were proposed by Rij?li scholars; such as: - some of the invalidating narrations about him are fabricated; - many of the invalidating narrations about him should be rejected because of their week chains (asn?d); - these kind of narrations about him were stated in the conditions of Taqiyyah. This article examines various reasons for the differences between the viewpoints about Younos with the aim of finding other characteristics to increase the possibility of understanding the position of elder narrators of hadith (Mash?yekh) like Younos, beside confidence (with?qah), justice (ed?lah) and scientific eminence. Some of these characteristics are: - religious, cultural and scientific atmosphere in which the narratoins were stated; - the relationship between socio-political conditions and a narrator of Hadith in particular; - individual and sectarian motives for producing pessimism about a narrator of Hadith and invalidating him.