تحليل روند تغييرات كاركردي سكونتگاه‌هاي روستايي جنوب غربي كلانشهر تهران

Process Analysis of Functional Changes of Rural Settlements in Southwestern of Tehran Metropolis

تغييرات كاركردي نشان دهنده پيشرفت يا عدم پيشرفت فضاي سكونتگاهي مي باشد روستاهاي جنوب غربي كلانشهر تهران در طول انقلاب اسلامي به دليل نزديكي به كلانشهر تهران باتبعيت از شرايط كشور بيش از ديگر روستاهاي كشور به دليل تحت تاثير قرار گرفتن شهر تهران دچار تغييرات كاركردي زيادي شده اند بطوري كه ميزان جمعيت پذيري در برخي از روستاها به 7 برابر رسيده  وكشاورزي و دامداري در گذشته اقتصاد غالب اين روستاها بوده در حاليكه امروزه سهم كشاورزي 60.1 درصد به 35 درصد رسيده است اين امر نشان دهنده كاهش چشمگير ميزان سطح اراضي كشاورزي بوده،صنعت و خدمات قبل از انقلاب كمترين درصد را به خود اختصاص داده بودند در حال حاضر  بالاترين جايگاه از نظر اقتصادي و كاركردي را در محدوده مورد مطالعه دارند بنابراين مهاجرپذيري روستاهاي جنوب غربي و سياست دولت ها موجب تغييرات كاركردي در اين روستاها زياد شده،برخي از روستاها از حالت روستايي به شهري تبديل كرده است.بنابراين جمعيت پذيري،سياست ها و شرايط توپوگرافي مهمترين عامل براي تغييرات كاركردي روستاها بوده است.

Functional changes in the rural areas under the influence of Tehran are among important changes that have occurred in the years after the Islamic Revolution in Iran. The survey was conducted in rural settlements functional changes southwestern metropolis of Tehran after the Islamic Revolution (period 197820013) in four steps including a review of functional changes, causes, consequences and solutions development and organization of rural areas. The study area includes 4 rural districts and 13 villages now and 17 villages in the past. Dimensions of functional changes are: the population, the employment and activity, land use, sociocultural and physical features, and the rural landscape. The results show wide variations from 1357 to 1392 in all aspects of the investigation. In the population aspect These changes include increasing the number of households and high growth rates, unequal distribution of the population in rural areas for focus in several villages and gradual evacuation of the population in small villages, and the rise of hierarchical migration. Activities include changes in employment and a decrease in the share of employment in primary activities (agriculture, horticulture and animal husbandry) and an increase in the share of employment, labor and employee industrial and service jobs in rural areas, intermediate cities and the fading role of providing services to rural areas the Tehran directly, reducing the acreage of agricultural land, the cultivation of subsistence crops of cultivated agricultural products produced Nonliving and changes in accordance with the requirements of Tehran, changes in the type of land use of the land tenure system Partake, reducing livestock Traditional and increased livestock production, increase manufacturing workshop and increase the performance of tourism in villages. In land use, the results indicate a strong land use changes within and outside the villages. The socialculture dimension of changes included the urban lifestyle, social conflicts between immigrants and natives, and lack of sense of place to the village residents. tall buildings, the use of resistant materials but exotic, adjacent of old and new tissue, and disruption space, including important changes in the physical space. Factors affecting the villages studied functional changes, are external factors associated with the role and development of metropolitan Tehran. Distance access, high population, restrictions on the development of agricultural employment, the political and administrative complexity of the city and the metropolitan area, including the factors affecting the functional changes of villages southwest of Tehran. Finally With Increasing government attention and apply appropriate regulations for studied dimension, we can hope to happen sustainable development in this rural area.