بررسي نقش خانواده در بزهكاري فرزندان (مورد مطالعه: نوجوانان پسر شهر زنجان)

The Survey of Family’s Role in Delinquency of Teenagers (Case Study: Zanjan City’s Teenagers)

ارتكاب جرم و بزهكاري، از مهم‌ترين پديده‌هاي حيات انساني تلقي مي‌شود كه علل و عوامل متعدد و با سهمي متفاوت در بروز آن نقش دارند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي نقش خانواده در بزهكاري نوجوانان پسر شهر زنجان با روش پيمايشي انجام گرفته است. جامعه‌ آماري پژوهش را كليه‌ دانش‌آموزان مقطع متوسطه‌ شهر زنجان تشكيل مي‌دهند كه از اين تعداد، نمونه‌اي به حجم 360 نفر از طريق فرمول كوكران برآورد و به‌شيوه‌ خوشه‌اي چندمرحله‌اي به‌عنوان نمونه‌ مورد بررسي انتخاب شده‌اند. داده‌هاي حاصله با استفاده از آزمون‌هاي تعبيه ‌شده در نرم‌افزار كامپيوتري SPSS تجزيه و تحليل شده است. نتايج پژوهش حاكي از معني‌دار بودن تفاوت ميانگين بزهكاري نوجوانان بر حسب وضعيت شغلي و تحصيلي والدين و درآمد خانواده‌شان است. همچنين نتايج تحقيق رابطه‌ بين متغيرهاي نظارت والدين و دلبستگي به خانواده را با متغير وابسته؛ يعني بزهكاري نوجوانان به تأييد رساند. نتايج حاصل از تجزيه و تحليل رگرسيوني نيز نشان داد كه متغيرهاي نظارت والدين و دلبستگي به خانواده به‌ترتيب، بيشترين تأثير را بر بزهكاري نوجوانان داشته‌اند.

Introduction     Human society and social relations on the basis of social order, and by managing the social norms. Social norms, patterns and ways of behavior and interaction among the people who follow the rules determining the cause of balance and order in the community. A norm determines that a person should or should not behave in various situations. In the meantime, one of the social problems arising from nonconformity, is deviant behavior, such as poverty, ignorance and disease in human societies has always had a significant presence and a wide range of different types of covers that juvenile delinquency is the most important. Crime commitment and delinquency are among the most important human phenomena that there are various causes and factors with different quotas for it.  Material & Methods     The present research aims at examining the role of family in delinquency of teenagers in Zanjan city with survey method. Statistical population of research includes all of the high school students of Zanjan city that from these 360 students are selected by Cochran formula and through multiple clusters sampling to be examined. The resulted data is analyzed through using SPSS. Discussion of Results & Conclusions     The results of the research indicate significant mean difference of teenager’s delinquency based on parents’ employment and educational status and their families’ income. Also, the results of the research approved the relationship between variables of parental supervision and attachment to family with teenager’s delinquency as the dependent variable. The results of regression analyze showed that parental supervision and attachment to the family, had the most impact on the teenager’s delinquency. According to research results parental supervision is having the strongest correlation with juvenile delinquency. This result is consistent with theories of Durkheim, Parsons, Shaw and McKay, Hirschi, Sutherland and Nye on the role of families and parents in their children's delinquency. Finally, in line with research findings Bagheri et al. (2009), as evaluate the factors of crime as well as research Parcel et al (1993) in the field of children's behavioral problems and is in support of the views of Durkheim and Parsons. And also result in the reduction of juvenile delinquency research because of attachment to family is OK Comments Sutherland and Hirschi. In line with the results, the following suggestions to reduce and prevent juvenile delinquency and social damage, which could provide the groundwork for other damage, provided: Since parental controls most of the explaining of juvenile offenders The study accounted for and also due to a significant correlation between them, it is suggested that parents control and monitor their adolescent behavior, socialize and friends very seriously. Given the significant relationship to family attachment and juvenile delinquency, as well as the contribution of these variables to explain juvenile delinquency, offer a friendly climate for parents to provide their families with the formation of emotional communication within the family attachment to parents and children together to increase. Due to variables such as employment and education verification parents of juvenile offenders in this study, it is proposed redefinition of social and economic value of social and economic base of society through relevant agencies and mass media to obtain.