پديد آورندگان :
مختاري، داوود نويسنده دانشگاه تبريز,تبريز,ايران Mokhtary, Davoud , شيرزادي، حمديه نويسنده دانشگاه تبريز,تبريز,ايران Shirzady, Hamdieh
كليدواژه :
درياچه اروميه , نوسانات سطح آب , تغييرات خطوط ساحلي , پديده‌هاي ژئومورفيك
چكيده فارسي :
بررسي نوسان هاي سطح آب درياچه ها به منظور حفاظت آنها به لحاظ اهمّيّت، ماهيت و موقعيّت اين مجموعه هاي آبي و به عنوان يك ميراث طبيعي در سال هاي اخير در بين كشور ها در سطح ملي و منطقه اي جايگاه ويژه اي پيدا كرده است. درياچه اروميه با وسعتي بين 6000-4000 كيلومترمربع به عنوان بزرگترين درياچه داخلي ايران و بيستمين درياچه جهان از اهمّيّت ويژه اي برخوردار است. هدف اصلي تحقيق حاضر بررسي تغييرات سطح آب درياچه اروميه با استفاده از تصاوير ماهواره اي و سيستم اطّلاعات جغرافيايي است، براي رسيدن به اين هدف تصاوير ماهواره اي چند طيفي ماهواره لندست (شامل تصاوير سنجنده هاي TM,MSS،(ETM+،MODIS طي سال هاي (2012-1989) مورد استفاده و پردازش قرار گرفت و نوسان هاي سطح آب درياچه در دوره هاي زماني مختلف استخراج شد. مدل هاي نهايي نشان‌دهنده نوسان هاي گسترده دوره اي و تغييرات چشمگير در پارامترهاي هندسي درياچه اروميه، به‌ويژه در طول چند دهه گذشته است. نتايج حاصل از اين پژوهش نشان داد كه كاهش ارتفاع آب درياچه اروميه به‌ويژه در چند سال اخير تا 6 متر نيز رسيده كه اين فرايند به نوبه خود موج ايجاد جابجايي هاي اساسي در خطوط ساحلي، به‌ويژه در سواحل مورد مطالعه گرديده است. ظهور چنين تغييراتي باعث خشك شدن بيش از نيمي از سطوح آبي درياچه شده كه اين امر نيز باعث ايجاد تغييراتي در واحدهاي ژئومورفولوژيكي موجود در منطقه از قبيل دشت هاي آبرفتي، پلاياها، مخروطه افكنه ها و اراضي شوره‌زار و بيرون آمدن تعدادي از جزاير درياچه از آب و گسترش مساحت و پيوستن آنها به خشكي و ظاهر شدن اشكالي از قبيل دريابارهاي ساحلي و زمين هاي كويري و تراس‌هاي درياچه اي شده است.
چكيده لاتين :
Studying the fluctuations in water level of the lakes has found as special fame due to their importance, identity and situation. The present paper aims at studying the lake water level changes using satellite images and GIS. Therefore, satellite imagery multispectral Landsat (including image sensorsby TM, MSS, (ETM +, years (2012_1989) were used and processed to find the fluctuation of the lake water level during a period from (19892012). The final model shows wide fluctuations and significant shift in the geometric parameters of Oroomye Lake, especially during the last few decades. The findings indicated that the decrease of the lake water level, especially the last few years, has reached to 6 meters leading to a shift in the coastline, especially the studied coastline. Moreover, this decrease causes some changes in geomorphologic units of the region, such as alluvial plains, Playa, alluvial fans, salt marsh land, spreading out a number of islands in the lake area and the appearance of the forms such as coast Dryabarhay and dry deserts. Rapid growth of urbanization and massive migration to urban areas, especially during the last thirty years in Iran, have caused some problems. As the capital of Iran with its important political, social, and economic status, Tehran has wide areas of wornout textures, most of which are located on the important faults. This is regarded as the result of urbanization without any prior urban development plans. Therefore, Tehran and its citizens are faced with a serious risk. The present study aims at analyzing wornout textures of Javadiyeh neighborhood of Tehran due to the necessity of this problem. This study wants to develop the strategies for organization of the wornout textures in order to improve them for the residence of citizens. To achieve this goal, research data were collected using library and survey methods, interviewing experts and authorities and formulating questionnaire within the framework of Delphi method. The results were analyzed using SWOT and ANP models. In addition, the opinions of the expert group were implemented in the matrix of internal and external factors using Delphi method. The results demonstrated that revision strategy is the best strategy as a prioritized strategy for the improvement and renovation of wornout textures of Javadiyeh neighborhood. Therefore, public participation can be used for their appropriate participation in the organization and reformation of textures, benefiting from convenient access and investment in the textures in order to revive real estate prices.
