اثر تغيير شرايط يا كشف فقدان شرايط شاهد قبل يا بعد از صدور رأي

Effect of Change of Qualifications of Witness and Finding That He Was Disqualified (before Rendering of Judgment and after It)

در زمينه اثر كشف فاقد شرايط ‌بودن شاهد در زمان اداي شهادت و اثر ازدست‌دادن شرايط پس از اداي شهادت و پيش از صدور رأي نسبت به شهادت اداشده و رأي صادرشده بر اساس آن، در فقه بحث‌هاي مفصل مطرح شده است و با وجود اتفاق نظر درباره برخي فروعات موضوع، در بعضي حالت‌ها، نظرهاي متعدد و مختلف وجود دارد. در حقوق، در بخشي از موضوع، با سكوت قانون و در بخشي ديگر با بيان قابل بحث ماده 234 ق.آ.د.م. مواجهيم كه به بررسي و تحليل جدي نياز دارد. مطالعه در اين زمينه نشان‌ مي‌دهد اين ماده، به پيروي و در هماهنگي با فقه، فقدان شرايط شاهد در زمان اداي گواهي را به عنوان يكي از جهات نقض آرا مقرر و معرفي كرده است.

In religious jurisprudence, exhaustive discussions have put forward about the effect of finding that the witness was disqualified at the time of giving of evidence and effect of losing of qualifications after giving of evidence and before rendering of judgment on the evidence that is got and the judgment that is rendered on basis of it and exist various opinions about some varieties in spite of unanimity about some details of matter. In law, we are encountered with silence of law in some section of matter and with questionable expression of article 234 Civil Procedure Code, which is necessary to be discussed seriously. Study in this field shows that this article, with following and in accordance with religious jurisprudence, has lay down and introduced the disqualification of witness at the time of giving of evidence as one of causes of reversal of judgment in each complaint of complaints of judgment.