بررسي فقر اقتصادي عشاير اسكان‏يافته استان فارس و تعيين عوامل موثر بر آن

A Survey of Economic Poverty in Settled Nomads and Determination of Its Effective factors in Fars Province of Iran

داده‏هاي پژوهش حاضر، با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گيري تصادفي خوشه‌اي دومرحله‌اي، از نمونه اي مشتمل بر 175 خانوار عشاير اسكان‏يافته استان فارس جمع آوري و براي تحليل آن ها، از شاخص‌هاي فقر و مدل توبيت استفاده شد. نتايج مطالعه نشان داد كه 14/49 درصد خانوارها دچار فقر بوده، از بين خانوارهاي فقير نيز نزديك به شصت درصد خانوارها از فقر شديد رنج مي برند و عمق فقر آنها بيش از هفتاد درصد است؛ همچنين ميزان تحصيلات و سن سرپرست خانوار، سطح فعاليت كشاورزي، اندازه خانوار و تعداد دام از عوامل موثر بر كاهش احتمال فقر خانوارهاي عشاير اسكان‏يافته است؛ از اين‏رو، براي مقابله پايدار با پديده فقر در خانوارهاي عشاير اسكان‏يافته، مطالعه حاضر تمركز بر آموزش بزرگسالان، تقويت فعاليت مكمل و اهتمام به سياست هاي كلي جمعيت ابلاغي از سوي مقام معظم رهبري را توصيه مي كند.

This study aimed at investigating the economic poverty of settled nomads and identifying its determinants in Fars province of Iran. Data gathering was carried out in 2013 through 175 questionnaires from settled nomad households in a two-stage cluster random sampling method. The headcount poverty and poverty gap indexes were used to determine the poverty situation, and Tobit model was used to determine the factors affecting the poverty probability. The results showed that 49.14 percent of households were suffering from poverty; nearly 60 percent of the poor households suffered from extreme poverty; and depth of their poverty was more than 70 percent. Based on the results, education level and age of household heads, agricultural activity level, household size and number of animals were affecting poverty probability for the households. Accordingly, focusing on adult education, strengthening complementary activities and concentrating on the overall population policies issued by the Iranian Supreme Leader were recommended within a sustainable approach to poverty alleviation in the centers for settled nomads.