مطالعه كالوس زايي بساك ها و باززايي گياهان سبز در تعدادي از لاين هاي خالص ايراني و خارجي برنج و گياهان هيبريد حاصله از آن ها در شرايط درون شيشه اي

Studying on callus formation and plant regeneration in some iranian and foreign rice pure lines and their hybrids in vitro conditions through anther culture

Rice haploid plants can be produced in test tube by culturing of anthers and pollens of F1 plants, Which are produced from crossing of pure lines. This is very important in rice plant breeding and development of new vatieties in the world. In this study. the produced Fl plants were selected in the booting stage (mid-uninucleate stage) and treated in the cold condition at 8 C for 8 days. Owing to the influence of N6 and B5 media on the callus induction, the anthers were cultured on the above media using factorial experiment which consisted of two factors including culture media and genotypes. Results showed that there was a significant difference among different genotypes for callus induction . The callus induction in the anthers of FI plants had relative dominance in comparising to the other genotypes. There was also a significant interaction effect between the two factors of genotype and culture medium. The highest efficiency of the callus induction occurred in anthers of "Khazar" variety, with the average of about. 30 percent on the N6 medium. The N6 medium with the average of 20 percent was better than B5 medium for callus induction for most of genotypes. In order to regenerate green plants, the produced calf were transfered on the SK-1I medium containing different levels of kinetin hormone. Results showed that the SK-11 medium (including 2 mg/I kinetin) induced the highest efficiency of green plantlets. with the averge of 32 percent. In tills study. IRRI I5/Nemat hybrid produced the highest efficiency of green plantlets with the average of 53.75 percent. In order to increase the root number and length, the green plantlets were transferred on the LS medium and then the produced plants were transfered to Yoshida solution to be adapted to the environmental conditions. The highest number of plants in this stage belonged to the IRRI 151 Nemat hybrid with the average of 69 percent. In the final step (Attie study, the number of 141 green plants were transfered to the vases in the greenhouse and the total haploid plants produced in this process was 23.4%.