تاثير علفكش ها به همراه وجين دستي در كنترل علف هاي هرز در كشت انتظاري و بهاره عدس

Effects of herbicides and hand weeding in control of weed in winter and spring sown lentil (Lens culinaris)

Improper sowing date and competition of weeds are the most important constraints in lentil production in Iran. In order to study the effect of sowing date and single and integrated application of herbicides, an experiment was conducted using complete randomized block design in a split plot arrangement with four replications at field station of Tehran University, Karaj (Iran) during 2001-2002 cropping season. Treatments comprised of two date of sowing winter and spring sowing as main plots and eleven weed control methods as sub plots. Weed control treatments were included a pre-emergence application of Cyanazin, post emergence application of Pyridate and Oxyflourfen, different combination of a pre-plant application of Trifluralin; Pendimethalin each with post-emergence application of Pyridate and Oxyflourfen plus one hand weeding ; and finally a weed free and infested plot as controls. Amaranthus lividus L. and Chenopodium album L. were the predominant weeds. Xanthium brasilicum Vellozo , Convolvulus arvensis L., Solanum nigrum L., Melilotus officinalis L, Veronica persica Pair and Polygonum aviculare L. were of less importance. Combination of pre-plant application of herbicides with hand weeding or post- emergmce application effectively controlled weeds. The combined treatments of Pendimethalin + one hand weeding, Trifluralin + one hand weeding and Pendimethalin + Pyridate showed the best results. These treatments effectively controled total broadleaf weeds by 93, 88 and 85 percent, respectively. It was concluded that these treatments are the best for weeds control in lentil crop under conditions similar to those of this experiment.