مطالعه اكولوژيك و ديناميزم جمعيتي خانواده گاوسانان در پارك ملي گلستان

Population dynamism of the Bovidae in Golestan National Park

Ecological and population dynamism on Bovidae family in Golestan National Park was accomplished on the Ovis ammon arkali, Capra aegagrus, and Gaze/la subgutturosa by field observations and non-parametric statistics tests (such as Kruskal-Wallis and U-test). The conclusions revealed that Almeh, Darreh-Khoshk, and Dagermanly regions were similar in Urial density; and the best Urial population (namely population structure and rate of increase) is in center of park, whereas eastern populations in park are very fragile and young (because of hunters and easy access of violators); also with study of 17 Uria] carcasses became manifest that the most hunting occur by Leopard(7 cases) and then by Wolf(3 cases) but 24% of Urials be hunted by this two main hunters and remainders of mortality occur by violators and natural factors. Natality of wild Goat was similar in four regions (Chonde-Abbas, Adam-Chagheran, Dagermanly, and Toonel-Aghsou). life expectancy and generation time was 5 years, r=0.135, sex ratio was 2 male to 1 female, and moderate annual duration was 0.78; so that Wild Goat populations in Golestan National Park with a view to generation time, annual duration and sex ratio are similar; means effects of human and natural factors on the population are similar. Gazelleʹs population in Golestan National Park was contained: r =0.156, generation time 3.7 year, and life expectancy in males was 0.4 year greater than females. No significant differences were between Gazelles herd. Kidʹs survival in autumn was less than spring season (at 95% level).