رابطه اعتماد اجتماعي با توسعه محله اي نمونه موردي: محله فهادان شهر يزد

The relationship between Social trust and community development case study: Fhadan neighborhood in Yazd

محله را مي‌توان يكي از مهم‌ترين بازوهاي رشد و توسعه شهرها دانست چراكه نمي‌توان شهرهايي توسعه‌يافته داشت، درحالي‌كه محلات توسعه‌يافته نباشند. ازاين‌ رو شناخت عميق‌تر نظام توسعه محلات، و پر كردن شكاف موجود (عدم توجه به سطوح پايين‌تر نظام شهري) مي‌تواند به درك درست برنامه‌ريزان در اتخاذ تصميمات درست منتهي شود. از سويي اعتماد اجتماعي موضوعي حياتي براي جوامع انساني است،كه ارتباطي اساسي با نظام توسعه محله‌اي دارد. از اين رو پژوهش حاضر قصد دارد تا به بررسي رابطه اعتماد اجتماعي با توسعه محله‌اي در محله فهادان شهر يزد بپردازد. روش‌شناسي اين پژوهش ازنظر هدف از نوع كاربردي- توسعه‌اي و ازنظر ماهيت و روش، توصيفي- تحليلي مي‌باشد. و حجم نمونه در پژوهش حاضر از طريق نمونه گيري احتمالي طبقه بندي شده 365 نمونه انتخاب شده است. ابزار مورد استفاده در اين پژوهش پرسشنامه است، كه يافته‌هاي حاصل از پرسشنامه در نرم‌افزار SPSS و Amos مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفته است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان مي دهد كه ارتباط مستقيم و معناداري بين اعتماد اجتماعي و توسعه محله‌اي وجود دارد. ابعاد مختلف اعتماد اجتماعي، 30 درصد واريانس توسعه محله‌اي را تبيين مي‌كند. همچنين به ترتيب ضرايب بتاي استاندارد شده در متغيرهاي اعتماد نهادي با ضريب (0/307=β)، اعتماد بين شخصي با ضريب (0/158=β) ، اعتماد تعميم يافته با ضريب بتاي(0/158=β) و اعتماد اعتماد به محيط با ضريب بتاي(0/103=β)، بيشترين سهم را در تبيين توسعه محله‌اي دارند. نتايج مدل سازي معادلات ساختاري نشان مي‌دهد كه با افزايش اعتماد اجتماعي، مولفه‌هاي توسعه محله نيز افزايش مي‌بايد.

Community is one of the most important and fundamental aspects in physical divisions in cities which is considered the oldest heritage of urbanization. It has played important role in spatial and physical structure of the city in the past, but today the structure and functions of communities of the city has mostly changed, community networks and physical and social spaces have been destroyed causing many problems for cities including destruction of social relationships, migration of native inhabitants in historical communities, the decrease of people’s community participation, increase of crimes, physical and infrastructural problems, and insecurity. These problems are only a small part of problems related to lack of attention to community development in urban studies systems. Development of city programming in its evolution and using development of city programming in community development format and programmers’ attention to social problems instead of considering common approaches which emphasize physical problems have caused greater attention being paid to urban communities and local societies compared to the past. In this way, considering urban communities as one of the principal units of urban programming and studying its capacities was the fundamental and important priority in many countries to recognize and count abilities of local societies. Furthermore, community can be considered one of the most important arms of urban growth. Therefore, a deeper understanding of community development system and bridging the existing gap can lead to better understanding by planners in making the right decisions. On the other hand, social trust is a critical issue for human societies with fundamental links to community development. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between social trust with community development in the Fahadan community of Yazd. Because of physical, cultural and social values and identity in communities in general and in historical communities specifically programming can be very important. The methodology of this research in terms of aim is applicable- developmental and in terms of the nature and method is descriptive – analytical. The used tool was a questionnaire that was analyzed in SPSS and Amos softwares. The results show that there is a direct and significant relationship between social trust and community development. Moreover, Standardized Beta coefficient in institutional trust variables by a factor of (307/0 = β), interpersonal trust by a factor of (185/0 = β), generalized trust by a factor of (158/0 = β) and self-confidence environment with beta coefficient (103/0 = β) have the largest share in explaining community development. Structural equation modeling results show that by increasing social trust, community development components should also increase. Finally, according to research components some recommendations were presented and the obtained results of the studies were compared with existing studies. It was found that the findings was propounded by Ziari et al and similar to Madani’s research.