تاثير تاريخ كاشت هاي پاييزه و زمستانه بر خصوصيات مورفولوژيك ، عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد نخود در شرايط فارياب در خراسان (نيشابور)

Effects of fall and winter planting dates on morphological characteristics, yield and yield components of chickpea under irrigated Condition of khorasan (Nishabur)

In order to study the effects of the fall and winter sowing of chickpea (Cicer aritinuna L.) on morphological characteristics, yield and yield components under irrigated conditions, an oxpeniment was carried out on 1995-96 and 1996-97 at Agricultural Research Station of Nishabur. Planting date levels in the first year were 6 Nov., 6 Dec., 16 Mar. and 5 Apr. In the second year, 22 Oct. aslo was added. Six Kabuli chickpea cultivars in each planting date level were sown in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design. In the first year, total number of branches and their length per plant, Decreased in the fall sowings (6 Nov. & 6 Dec.) in comparision with the following plantinhgs (16 Mar. & 5 Apr.), because of chilling and cold losses. Thence pods number per plant and seed yield in the fall sowings decreased as compared with the next planting also. In this year, the highest of seed yield was obtained at 5 Apr. In the second year, planting date levels had not significant differences in total number of branches, their length per plant and pods number per plant. In this year, probable severe precipitation (such as hail) at erarly spring decreased secondary and tertiary branches in 16 Mar. and 5 Apr. severely. Moreover the occuring of late spring precipitation with irrigation provided conditions for lenghthwise expansion in vegetative organs and their competitions with reproductive growth members, specially in late sowings. Thus late in planting date, was increased field of lodging. Total of these caused that seed yield in each 16 Mar. and 5 Apr. levels decreased compared with each fall sowings, significantky. Generally, with considering results and climatic characteristics of this area, it seems essential to obtain cultivars with tolerance temperature like -15°` along the sowing to emergence period and early vegetative growth period for success in fall sowing.