اثرات بيولوژيك سه حشره كش ديازينون ، اتريمفويين و كلرپيريفوس روي تراكم و فعاليت بندپايان غيرهدف

Bioeffect of three insecticides, Diazinone, Etrimfos, and Chlorpyrifos on density and activity of non - target Arthropods

Arthropods have an effective role in equlibrating of ecosystem food chains, but most chemical compounds disconnect these chains. Biological effects of three commonly used insecticides (Diazinon, Etrimfos, and Chlorpyrifos) on population density and activity of many non - target arthropods was in a soyabean (Glycine max) crop in randomized block design with 4 treatments at 4 replications. The arthropods were Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coccinellidae), Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Chrysopidae), Carabus sp. (Carabidae), Scarabaeus sacer L. (Scarabaeidae), Forticuia auricularia L. (Forficulidae), Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Aphidiidae), different species of ants (Formicidac) and spiders (Araneae). The insecticides had significant effect on population density of ladybird, lace wing, carabid beetle, earwig, parasitoid wasp, and ants, but had no significant effect on S. sacer and spiders because of their feeding on animal waste and live prey, respectively; therefore, their population density was rather constant. Of the influenced arthropods, parasitoid wasp was more susceptible than the others, and its scratched population was recovered very slowly and in a long term. Also population recovery of ladybird was faster than other arthropods. In despite of mortality, the insecticides caused stimulation and increased activity in carabid beetle, earwig, and ants. Of the three insecticides, Etrimfos had lower effect on reduction of non target arthropodsʹ population density than Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos, and population recovery in the Etrimfos plots was faster than other treatments. Therefore, on the bases of the results of present research, Etrimfos is rather compatible to hiocontrol agents in Integrated Pest Management (IPM).