تبيين راهبرد رشد هوشمند شهري در منطقه 19 كلان شهر تهران

Explanation of Urban Smart Development Strategy in 19 District of Tehran Metropolitan

راهبرد رشد هوشمند از جديدترين و مهمترين انگاره­ هاي شهرسازي پايدار بوده و از مهم ترين استراتژي­ ها در پراكندگي شهري به حساب مي­آيد. پژوهش حاضر به صورت توصيفي – تحليلي و بهره ­گيري از مدل تاپسيس و ضريب پراكندگي ضمن تبيين مفهوم، اصول، روش­ ها و مزاياي رشد هوشمند در منطقه 19 شهرداري تهران با استفاده از 7 معيار و 72 به بررسي شاخص­هاي رشد هوشمند و توسعه پايدار در منطقه مورد مطالعه پرداخته است. نتايج حاصل از رتبه­ بندي نواحي 3 گانه منطقه 19 تهران نشانگر وجود تفاوت و پراكندگي در برخورداري از شاخص ­ها بين نواحي منطقه 19 تهران مي­باشد. البته ميزان اين تفاوت و پراكندگي زياد نبوده و تا اندازه­اي هوشمند بودن توسعه اين منطقه را نشان مي­دهد. در كل ناحيه يك با نمره تاپسيس ۰/۸۶۷۸ در رتبه يك (برخوردار)، ناحيه دو با نمره تاپسيس ۰/۶۴۶۳ در رتبه دوم (نيمه برخوردار) و ناحيه سوم با نمره تاپسيس ۰/۴۵۴۱در رتبه سوم(كمتر برخوردار) قرار گرفته ­اند.

Smart development strategy is from the newest and most important tenets of sustainable urban planning which is one of the main strategies of containment of urban sprawl and creep that its main emphasis is on the land use mixed and buildings intensive, which resulted in a high density with less environmental impact. This research by using descriptive-analytic method and utilizing the newest and reliable resources has paid to explain the concept, principle, techniques and benefits of smart development in 19 district of Tehran and has special emphasis on the combinational utilization and a development based on transit as the most essential principles of that. To evaluate smart growth and sustainable development in the region 72 indicators in 7 major criteria including socioeconomic and cultural-educational, health-medical, physical and land use, urban facilities and equipment, access and environmental were analyzed using TOPSIS model and Coefficient of Variation. The theoretical findings of this study indicates that smart growth strategy with emphasis on the prevention of urban creep and preserve existing neighborhoods, reduce travel time and traffic piles, encourage design based on human scale, community-based and necessity of public participation in urban planning, close to home and work, mixing land uses, urban design in keeping with the nature, development, environmental quality, ecosystem diversity and conservation of green and open spaces to encourage pedestrian activity and encourage dependency on private cars using the package of legal, financial and educational has opened new routes in the urban Planning. The analysis of Smart growth indexes in areas of 19 districts of Tehran suggests that in social indicators-economic 1 area with TOPSIS score of 0.8523 has placed ranked one; 2 area with TOPSIS score of 0.6614 has placed ranked two and 3 area with TOPSIS score of 0.4568 has placed ranked three, in the cultural-educational indexes1 area with TOPSIS score of 0.7865 has placed ranked one; 2 area with TOPSIS score of 0.5698 has placed ranked two and 3 area with TOPSIS score of 0.4866 has placed ranked three. Generally in most of the indexes, 1 area with highest TOPSIS score is ranked first, and only in the index of accessibility 3 area whit TOPSIS score 0.7854 has placed in the first rank. The results of the ranking of three areas in the 19 districts of Tehran indicated that there are differences and variations in access to the indicators among the three areas of 19 districts of Tehran. However, the amount of variation and difference did not more and show some to extent the smart development of the region. In the compound indexes the mean TOPSIS score in the areas of 19 district of Tehran was equal to 0.6561 and standard deviation of these indexes was 0.1689.According to calculations, the variation coefficient index was 0.2575. In the total, 1 area with TOPSIS score of 0.8678 has placed ranked one (developed); 2 area with TOPSIS score of 0.6463 has placed ranked two (Semi- developed); and 3 area with TOPSIS score of 0.4541 has placed ranked three (Underdeveloped).