بررسي نقش حياط در ارتقاي راندمان عملكردي مساجد با استفاده از روش چيدمان فضا

The Role of the Yard in the Spatial Configuration of Mosques in Order to Improve Operational Efficiency Using Spatial Layout

نقش حياط در ساختار فضايي معماري ايران غيرقابل انكار و گاهي از ضروريات طراحي معماري به سبب شرايط اقليمي و جغرافيايي است. اين عضو اصلي بناهاي معماري ايران در ساخت و سازهاي امروزي به دليل مشكلات زمين و مسائل مربوط به ترا كم شهري، از پيكره بندي بسياري از بناها به خصوص كاربري هاي جمعي مانند مساجد حذف و يا به شكل يك عنصر رها شده تبديل شده است. اين در حالي است كه نقش آن در تغيير بازده عملكردي بنا ناديده گرفته م يشود و اين امر هدف پژوهش حاضر را در راستاي بررسي نقش حياط بر راندمان عملكردي مساجد سوق داده است. بر همين اساس، عاملي چون وجود يا عدم وجود حياط در پيكره بندي بنا، موقعيت قرارگيري و همچنين نوع هندسه آن به عنوان شاخص هاي مورد بررسي در پژوهش حاضر در نظر گرفته شد و بر اساس آن هفت مسجد با طرح هاي سنتي و معاصر به عنوان نمونه هاي موردي انتخاب گرديد و تحليل هاي مربوط به سنجش "راندمان عملكردي" با استفاده از دو روش ترسيم گراف و همچنين استفاده از نرم افزار Depthmap بر روي آنها انجام پذيرفت. در نهايت نتايج تحقيق نشان داد وجود حياط مركزي با هندسه مستطيل در مركز هندسي بنا، بيشترين مقدار راندمان عملكردي را در مساجد ايجاد مي كند.

The role of “yard” in Iranian architectural spaces is undeniable and sometimes is necessary due to climatic conditions and geographical architectural design. Yard, whether in public applications, such as (mosque and school in Caravanserai, etc.) and non-public (such as houses) are usually not removed from the body design. The members of Iran in the construction of today architecture, Because of the difficult terrain and urban density many private mass configuration of buildings such as mosques has been deleted. While its role in the functional efficiency of the building has been neglected. The aim of this study is to evaluate different role that the yard is guarantee or increase functional efficiency is based on a create or upgrade. Proof of this process the role of the mosque yard using two methods: draw a graph and use that data to mathematical syntax-space as well as software Depthmap. Proof the Functional efficiency, first, define the spatial efficiency Based on this definition, then six indicators of functional efficiency will be introduced and explained. Indicators linked by mathematical relations as space and prove to be justified, the selection criteria will be shown cabriolet. As well as indicators of depth, axial space and convex space using software Depthmap and analysis prove to be its output. And the the clear role of the yard in the mosque courtyard will be changes in operational efficiency in a variety of patterns. The results show a rectangular geometry design central courtyard with its highest operational efficiency in comparison to other models.With regard to this issue in the context of the following research questions can be studied: Are there basically configured in the mosque courtyard is necessary or not? What is the proper positioning of the yard in order to improve function efficiency? What is the most appropriate geometric structure for the yard? The hypothesis of the study is available as follows: 1- The existence of the mosque courtyard is necessary in order to improve of functional efficiency. To achieve this, it seems that the layout of the yard in the mosque should be built in the center (central courtyard) of the complex as well as the geometry is also desirable. 2- To enhance Functional efficiency in the courtyard of the mosque position should be considered to be the most relevant to indoor space. 3- The geometry is such that the yards should be a central space where there is adequate space in which to minimize convex. The findings suggests that the essential of functional efficiency of the yard looks and mosques are having a yard, compared to the mosques that do not have a yard, efficiency better. but this improve functional depends on having appropriate layout and geometry yard the rectangular courtyards in the center of the mosque (such as Oshtorjan Mosque) in increasing the functional efficiency is more effective than other examples. If the yard doesn’t have the conditions (in terms of geometry and layout isn’t optimal level is not good) is ineffective in increasing the functional efficiency.