ويژگي هاي آوايي شمال غربي در گيلكي

Northwestern phonological features in Guilaki

گيلكي از گويش هاي شمال غربي ايران است كه در كرانه هاي جنوب غربي درياي خزر در استان گيلان صحبت مي شود و به همراه تالشي، مازندراني و سمناني گروه گويش هاي خزر را تشكيل مي دهد. اين گويش گونه هاي مختلفي در رشت، لاهيجان و لنگرود دارد، اما گونهٔ كهن تر و اصيل تر آن: گالشي، گويش برخي كوه نشينان شرق گيلان است. اين گويش از زبان فارسي تأثير زيادي غربي ان تا اندازهٔ زيادي از ميان رفته يا تنها در برخي ساخت هاي كهن مانده است. هدف مقاله بررسي گونه هاي مختلف گيلكي براي يافتن و بررسي ويژگي هاي آوايي شمال غربي در اين گويش است. با بررسي واژگان گيلكي به ويژه در گونه هاي اصيل تر آن مانند گالشي سعي كرده ايم واژه ها و ساخت هاي كهني كه ويژگي شمال غربي گيلكي را نشان دهد بيابيم.

Spoken in southwestern shores of Khazar Sea in Guilan Province, Guilaki is a northwestern Iranian dialect, and together with Māzandarāni and Semnāni dialects constitute Khazar group of Northwestern Iranian dialects. Gilaki has varieties in diverse regions in Guilan province such as Rasht, Langerud, Anzali, but its archaic variety is Gāleshi, spoken in mountainous area in the east of Guilan. The vocabulary and sound system of this dialect is profoundly affected by Persian, so that most of its northwestern features were disappeared or only may be seen in archaic variety of Guilaki such as Gāleshi. The aim of this paper was to examine the vocabulary of Guilaki varieties to find the northwestern phonological features of this dialect by looking at certain characteristics of its historical phonology. Findings showed that Guilaki has basic northwestern features, though exhibit some of them only in one word, or though these characteristics are best seen in archaic varieties of Guilaki such as Gāleshi.