ذهنيت عرفاني و سياست نزد ابوسعيد ابوالخير و عين القضات همداني

Mystical mentality and politics with Abu Sa'id Abu al-Khair and Ain al-Qadat Hamedani

عرفان و سياست دو حوزه مهم زندگي بشر به حساب مي آيند كه با بررسي رابطه اين دو مي توان به شناخت بيشتر و بهتري نسبت به نحوه تعامل انسان و سياست دست يافت. به ويژه در جهان اسلام كه عرفان در طول ادوار مختلف دستخوش تغييرات بسياري شده است و از يك حركت اعتراض آميز اجتماعي – سياسي كه در ضديت با جاه طلبي ها و دنيا پرستي حاكمان وقت در قرن دوم بود به يك مكتب معرفتي تغيير جهت داد. در طول تاريخ اسلام عرفايي بودند كه سعي در مشروعيت بخشي و همراهي با حاكمان سياسي داشتند و يا برعكس به ضديت و مخالفت خواني با قدرت سياسي پرداختند. به همين دليل، سوال اصلي مقاله اين است كه نحوه مواجهه ي ذهنيت عرفاني ابوسعيد ابوالخير و عين القضات همداني با قدرت سياسي چگونه بوده است؟ به نظر مي رسد ابوسعيد در جهت مشروعيت بخشي به سلجوقيان و عين القضات در ضديت و نقد قدرت سياسي عمل كردند. براي اثبات فرض مذكور از دو روش تحليل متن و روش مقايسه اي استفاده شده است و سعي گرديده تا ميان ذهنيت سياسي ابوسعيد ابوالخير و ذهنيت عين القضات همداني مقايسه صورت گيرد. در اين قياس با همه يكساني هاي شرايط سياسي، اجتماعي، اقتصادي و ديني تنها عاملي كه سبب همراهي ابوسعيد و عدم همراهي عين القضات با آن ها شد، تفاوت در درجه شان عرفاني هر كدام از عرفاي فوق بوده است.

Mysticism and politics are two important areas of human life. By examining the relationship between these two, one can gain more and better knowledge of how human and political interactions are achieved. Particularly in the Muslim world, mysticism has undergone many changes over the course of many years, and it has been transformed into a epistemic school from a socio-political protest that was opposed to the ambition and world-widespread rule of the rulers of the second century. Throughout history, Islam was a mystical one who tried to legitimize and accompany political rulers, or vice versa, to oppose and oppose political power. For this reason, the main question of the paper is how was the way of confronting the mystical mentality of Abu Sa'id Abu al-Khair and Ayn al-Qadat Hamedani with political power? It seems that Abu Sa'id acted in antagonism and critique of political power in order to legitimize the Seljukites and the Al-Qaeda. To prove the above hypothesis, two methods of text analysis and comparative method have been used and it has been tried to compare the political mentality of Abu Sa'id Abu al-Khair and the subjectivity of Ein al-Qadeq Hamedani. In this analogy to all the equalities of political, social, economic, and religious conditions, the only factor that led to the companionship of Abu Sa'id and the lack of companionship with the same worshipers was their difference in the degree of the mystical of each of the above mystics.