تحليل عوامل فردي و محيطي موثر بر توسعه كارآفريني دانشجويان كشاورزي دانشگاه بوعلي سينا

Analyzing Individual and Environmental Factors Affecting on Entrepreneurship Development of Agricultural Students in Bu-Ali Sina University

تحقيق حاضر از نوع توصيفي - پيمايشي است. جامعه آماري پژوهش را 200 نفر از دانشجويان كارشناسي و كارشناسي ارشد دانشكده كشاورزي دانشگاه بوعلي سينا تشكيل دادند؛ كه با استفاده از فرمول كوكران، تعداد 120 نفر انتخاب شدند. داده ها با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته گردآوري شدند. پرسشنامه در چهار بخش شامل 76 سوال باز و بسته طراحي گرديد. به منظور بررسي روايي پرسشنامه از نظرات متخصصان مربوطه استفاده شد و به منظور سنجش پايايي از ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ استفاده شد كه براي بخش هاي مختلف پرسشنامه بالاتر از 0/87به دست آمد. نتايج نشان داد بين جنسيت و مقطع تحصيلي با ميزان كارآفريني رابطه معني داري وجود دارد. همچنين بين توانايي هاي فردي دانشجويان ازجمله انعطاف پذيري، تلاش و پشتكار، رهبري با ميزان كارآفريني رابطه معني داري در سطح خطاي 0/01 مشاهده شد. همچنين نتايج حاصل از تحليل رگرسيون نشان داد كه متغيرهايي مانند رهبري گروه، انعطاف پذيري، تلاش و پشتكار و مهارت قادرند 0/41 درصد از تغييرات متغير وابسته كارآفريني را تبيين كنند.

This applied study was a descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study was both graduated and undergraduate students from Bu-Ali Sina University (N=200) from those 120 samples were selected by Cochran's sample size formula (n=120). Data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire structured in six parts with 76 both open and closed questions. The validity of the questionnaire's questions was verified by a group of experts and the reliability of the questionnaire during a pre-test was calculated by Cronbach's Alpha test. The reliability rate of the questions for different parts of the questionnaire was higher than 0.87. Data analyzing method in descriptive section was done using mean, frequency and coefficient of variation and in analytical section some test such as correlation coefficients (Spearman, Pearson, Kendal tau) and factor analysis for analyzing the most important environmental factors affecting on entrepreneurship were used. Results showed a significant relationship between the students' age, level of education and their level of entrepreneurship. The results also revealed a significant relationship between some individual characteristics of the students i.e. flexibility, perseverance, and leadership and the level of entrepreneurship. Results from ordinal regression analysis indicated that group leadership, flexibility, effort and perseverance explained, skill 41 percent of the probability of variance of entrepreneurship variable.