مطالعه‌ي برجستگي و همبستگيِ هويت‌هاي ملي و جهاني در دانشگاه ياسوج

Investigating the Prominence and the Correlation of the National and Global Collective Identities: In Yasouj University

برخلاف دوره مدرن اوليه كه «خود» در سطح دولت ملت‌ها تثبيت و هويت‌يابي مي‌شد؛ امروزه جهاني‌شدن و قلمروزدايي شدن به نوعي سياليت هويت‌يابي اجتماعي انجاميده است. درا ين وضعيت يكي از مهم‌ترين چالش‌هاي علمي و سياست‌گذاري بحث نسبت و رابطه‌ي هويت‌يابي‌هاي اجتماعي ملي و جهاني و ميزان تعلق و تعهد به آنان است. پژوهش حاضر با روش كمي و پيمايشي، برجستگي مولفه‌ها و همبستگيِ هويت‌هاي ملي و جهاني را بين 400 نفر از دانشجويان لُر دانشگاه ياسوج بررسي كرده است. روش نمونه‌گيري، روش چند مرحله‌اي طبقه‌اي بوده است. براساس نتايج تحقيق، پاسخگويان، ادبيات و اشعار ملي، و سبك پوشش غربي را برجسته‌ترين مولفه‌هاي هويت‌هاي ملي و جهاني دانسته‌اند. آنها بيشترين تعهد و تعلقِ خاطر را به ترتيب، به هويت ملي و جهاني داشته‌اند. براساس نتايج تحقيق مي‌توان گفت اگر هويت‌ها را متشكل از عناصر متعددي در نظر بگيريم، پاسخگويان در انتخاب هر يك از عناصر مربوط به هويت‌هاي ملي و جهاني «گزينشي» عمل مي‌كنند و رابطه‌ي بين انواع هويت‌ها از نوع تضاد يا همنشيني نيست. در مقابل، اگر هويت‌ها را به‌عنوان كليت‌هاي يكپارچه و منسجم در نظر بگيريم، رابطه‌ي بين آنها از نوع رابطه‌ي تضاد و قدرت/ مقاومت است.

Unlike the first modern era that "self" was established and identified at the level of nation states; today, globalization and deterritorialization have led to some sort of fluidity of social identification. In this situation, one of the most important scientific and policy making challenges is the discussion of the relationship between the national and the global social identifications and the degree individuals of any society feel belong and commit to each of these domains. The present paper has investigated the prominence and correlation of national and global collective identities among Lors students of Yasouj university in 1394- 95 educational year. From this population, based on Line’s sampling formula, 400 students were selected as the samples for the study. To reach a representative sample, the multi stage stratified sampling method was used. The research results showed that the respondents has known national literature and poety and western dress style as the most prominent components of the national and global identities respectively. They have had the most commitment and attachment to the national and global identities respectively. The correlation between the identities was significantly negative. According to the results, and considering the empirical and theoretical literature of the research, it can be said if we consider these identities as containing various components, the respondents act "selectively" in choosing every item related to the national and global identities and the relationship among these identities is not the conflictual/ coexistental kind of relationship. Inversely, if we consider the collective identities as the seperate solidarity and consolidated totalities, their relationship is based on the conflict, suppression/ ressistance one.