مقايسه ي عملكرد سه سويه ي جوجه ي گوشتي در ايران

Comparison of the performance between three strains of broiler chicks in Iran

به منظور مقايسه ي عملكرد سه سويه ي متداول جوجه ي گوشتي در ايران، 36000 قطعه جوجه ي يك روزه از سه سويه ي راس 308، كاب 500 و هوبارد اف15 خريداري شد و در 6 سالن، 6000 قطعه اي با دو تكرار از هر سويه، در شرايط پرورشي مشابه (تغذيه و مديريت پرورش يكسان) به مدت 49 روز پرورش داده شدند. صفات عملكردي مورد مطالعه شامل ميانگين افزايش وزن، خوراك مصرفي، ضريب تبديل غذايي، درصد ماندگاري و شاخص كارايي توليد بودند. نتايج نشان داد، ميانگين افزايش وزن سويه هوبارد اف15 نسبت به ديگر آميخته ها بالاتر بود در حالي كه كاب 500 پايين ترين وزن را در پايان دوره ي پرورش داشت. ميانگين خوراك مصرفي در كل دوره در سطح (0.05 > p) معني دار بود. سويه ي كاب بيش ترين و سويه ي هوبارد اف15 داراي پايين ترين سطح خوراك مصرفي نسبت به ديگر سويه ها بودند. ضريب تبديل غذايي در دوره هاي رشد، پاياني و كل دوره معني دار بود به صورتي كه سويه ي هوبارد اف15 با كم ترين ضريب تبديل، بهترين بازدهي و سويه ي كاب 500 ضعيف ترين ضريب تبديل غذايي را داشتند. شاخص كارايي توليد در سويه ي هوبارد اف15 بالاتر و در كاب 500 كم-ترين بود.

In order to compare performance in three commercial broiler strains, 36ooo broiler chicks one day-old (Hubbard F15, Cobb-500 and Ross308), were divided into 3 equal groups with 2 replicates and 6000 birds per replicate. The birds were reared under similar conditions from 1 day-old to 49 days of age. The performances of birds including weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), livability and flocks production index were measured. Results showed that there were significant differences in weekly weight gain among hybrids (p < 0.05), and the weight of Hubbard F15 was higher than others till the end of 49 days, while Cobb500 had the lowest weight gain. Birds feed intake during experiment period was significantly different (p < 0.05) and Hubbard F15 had the lowest feed intake and Cobb500 had the highest feed intake. Feed conversion ratio between birds was significantly different (p < 0.05) and Hubbard F15 had the lowest FCR while Cobb500 had the highest. There were significant differences in livability ratio among the hybrids, The lowest mortality rate in the trial was recorded in Hubbard genotype (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in production index and Hubbard F15 had the highest production index while Cobb500 had the lowest one.