بررسي شيوه مواجهه علماي شيعه عصر صفوي با انحراف هاي فكري صوفيان عارف نما

An Analysis of How the Shiite Scholars Dealt with the Ideological Deviations Made by the False Sufis during the Safavid Dynasty Era

يكي از رويدادهاي شايسته تامل در دوره صفوي، تنش بين صوفيان عارف نما و عالمان شيعه، اعم از فلاسفه و فقها و محدثان است. اين مقاله، با روش وصفي ـ تحليلي به بررسي نقش ملاصدرا و علامه مجلسي به عنوان نماينده دو جريان فكري متفاوت در مقابله با انحراف هاي صوفيان عارف نما پرداخته است. بر اساس يافته هاي اين پژوهش، مي توان گفت ملاصدرا به عنوان يك فيلسوف و عارف، با معرفي عرفان ناب از طريق تصحيح مفاهيم عرفاني و ارائه معرفت و شناخت الهي از يك سو، و معرفي رهبري واقعي جهت هدايت مردم جامعه از سويي ديگر، به ايفاي نقش پرداخت و علامه مجلسي نيز به عنوان يك فقيه و محدث، ضمن انتقاد از عملكرد شريعت گريزي و لاابالي گري عارف نمايان صوفي، در كنار ساير فقها و علماي اين عصر، با نگارش جوامع حديثي به زبان عربي و فارسي روان و عوام فهم، شرح نويسي بر متون اصيل و كهن و رديه نويسي، به ترويج شريعت واقعي و انتقال درست مفاهيم ديني براي مقابله با انحراف هاي فكري صوفيان پرداختند.

A noteworthy event during the era of the Safavid Dynasty, is the tension between the false Sufis and the Shiite scholars, including the Muslim philosophers and hadith narrators. Through the descriptive-analytical method, the present paper examines the part played by Mulla Sadra and Allameh Majlesi, as the representative of two ideologies, in standing against the deviations made by the false Sufis. According to the findings of the research, it can be said that Mulla Sadra, as a philosopher and Arif, introducing the pure Irfan through correction of the Irfani concept, providing the heavenly knowledge on the one hand, and assuming the real leadership for the guidance of the people in the society on the other hand, along with Allameh Majlesi, who, as a Faqih (jurisprudent) and hadith narrator, criticising the false Sufis’ deviation from the Sharia and remiss activities, with other Faqihs and scholars of his time, wrote some hadith collections in the fluent and simple Arabic and Persian, provided some explanation on the original and ancient religious texts and also provided some rejection letters on the said groups activities and beliefs, both attempted to promote the real Sharia and truly render the religious concepts for standing against the said Sufis ideological deviations