پديد آورندگان :
مريانجي، زهره دانشگاه سيد جمال الدين اسدآبادي، همدان - گروه جغرافيا - آب و هواشناسي , حسيني، اكبر مركز تحقيقات هواشناسي كاربردي استان همدان , عباسي، حامد دانشگاه لرستان - گروه علوم جغرافيايي
كليدواژه :
GIS , دوره برگشت , توپوگرافي , پتانسيل انرژي باد , استان همدان
چكيده فارسي :
استفاده از انرژي‌هاي تجديدپذير مانند خورشيد، گرماي زمين و باد مي‌تواند در كاهش آلودگي هوا و پديده تغيير اقليم مؤثر باشد. وزش بادهاي شديد و مداوم، منبع انرژي بسيار مهمي براي بسياري از نقاط كشور است. در اين مطالعه ميانگين و حداكثر سرعت باد سالانه و فصلي و انرژي آن بر اساس داده‌هاي نه ايستگاه همديدي (سينوپتيك) درسطح استان همدان و در دوره اقليمي 2014 - 2000 محاسبه و تحليل شده و پراكندگي مكاني سرعت و انرژي باد در اين منطقه مورد بررسي قرارگرفته است. تاثيرتوپوگرافي برسرعت باد نشان مي‌دهد شهرستان‌هاي كوهپايه‌اي استان از جمله همدان، نهاوند و اسدآباد بيشتر در معرض وزش بادهاي دشت - كوه مي‌باشند، و گرم باد پديده خاص هواشناسي ناشي از اثر كوهستان، غالباً در شهرستان همدان رخ مي‌دهد. نقشه رقومي سرعت و انرژي باد منطقه در مقياس سالانه و فصلي در محيط GIS پهنه‌بندي شده است (به روش كريجينگ). بر اين اساس شرق و مناطقي ازشهرستان ملاير و بالاخص مناطق شمالي استان بيشترين سرعت متوسط باد را (بالاي سه متر در ثانيه) نشان داده و مناطق غرب و جنوب غرب با كمترين سرعت باد در طول دوره مورد مطالعه مشخص مي‌شود. بادخيزترين منطقه،نواحي شرقي و شمالي استان است و دربيشتر زمان‌هاي سال داراي توان توليد برق بادي است. دشت كبودر آهنگ و مناطقي از شهرستان رزن بالاترين پتانسيل انرژي باد برحسب وات بر متر مربع را دارد و بيشترين پتانسيل ميزان توليد انرژي ناشي از باد در همدان، در فصل بهار و پاييز است. در منطقه مورد بررسي ايستگاه هاي نوژه (شمال استان) با بيش از 81 درصد و ملاير (جنوب شرق استان) با بيش از 71 درصد، تداوم وزش باد در اولويت نصب توربين هاي بادي مي‌باشند. بامطالعه احتمال وقوع و پيش بيني سرعت باد درايستگاه هاي هواشناسي استان همدان مناطقي از دشت رزن و كبودر آهنگ با سرعت بالاتر باد پيش‌بيني مي‌گردد. نتايج اين بررسي در برنامه ريزي و مديريت انرژي منطقه قابل استفاده است.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction: Growing demands for energy, increasing living standards and increasing use of electrical energy along with the overheating of planet Earth, as well as environmental problems and threats to human health are among the issues that attract the world’s attention to the use of renewable energies. So, new energy resources, including wind energy, account for one third of the energy needed for countries in the annual planning. Since Hamadan is one of the provinces in Iran with severe winds with relatively good continuity, the use of this energy in wind turbines is indispensable for generating electricity at the provincial level, especially in impassable areas. Today, many dangers, including the threat of climate, change the Earth’s environment. This controls the methods that can reduce the use of renewable energies such as solar, geothermal, wind, etc. Strong and frequent winds are very important energy sources for many parts of the country. In this study, the average and maximum wind speed yearly energy (annually and seasonally) and its energy based on the data from nine synoptic stations in Hamadan province in the climate period of 2000-2014 have been analyzed and spatial velocity of wind speed and its energy in this region were studied.
Materials & Methods:: The length of the statistical period in the present study was 10 years. After checking the accuracy of the data, the mean and maximum of the seasonal and annual wind speed were calculated and drawn. Then wind energy was calculated using wind power density (watts per square meter), air density (g / cm3), wind speed (m/s). To investigate the spatial distribution of wind energy potential in Hamadan province based on the obtained information, the values were zoned using Kriging method in GIS. Finally, the probability of occurrence and the prediction of the return period of wind were calculated using the Log Pearson type 3 method.
Results & Discussion: According to the zoning plan, the maximum annual wind speed in the Hamadan is related to the southern parts of the province. Some parts of the province in Kabudrahang are accompanied by intense storms. In winter, maximum wind speed is determined by the instability of air and weather in areas of Hamadan province.
The Average annual wind speed zoning pattern indicates that the east parts of Hamadan and some parts of Malayer and Razan have the highest average wind speed (above 3 meters per second), while in other parts of the province it is less than 3 meters per second. The Eastern part of Hamadan province (from the South east to the North east), are the windiest region of the province, and in most of the times of a year these parts have the potential of wind power production. Some regions of the Southwest are also capable of producing wind power during the year.
Conclusion: The role of topography on wind speed in Hamadan province is noteworthy. The mountainous regions of the province such as Hamadan, Nahavand and Asadabad are more exposed to the winds of the plains - mountains. Hot wind is also one of the meteorological phenomena due to the mountain effects, which is often found in the city of Hamadan.
The East and parts of the city of Malayer, and especially in the Northern areas of the province with the highest average wind speed (above three meters per second) and the West and Southwest shown with minimum wind speed during the period specified. Most of the year, the most windy areas, Eastern and Northern regions of the province, have the ability to produce electricity from wind energy. Kabodarahang plain areas of the city of Razan have the highest wind energy potential in watts per square meter and the greatest potential for energy production from wind in Hamadan is in spring and autumn.
In the studied area, Nojeh station (North of the province) with more than 18%, and then Malayer station (Southeast of the province) with more than 17%, have the priority for establishing wind turbines due to wind speed persistence. By studying the occurrence of wind speed in the meteorological stations of Hamadan province, some areas of the Razan plain and Kabudrahang are suitable for planning wind power usage.
