تاثير افزايش بار آلي در كارايي تصفيه فاضلاب صنايع قندي با استفاده از سيستم فيلتراسيون جريان رو به بالا با بستر لجن

The Effect of Increasing Organic Load on the Efficiency of Sugar Wastewater Treatment using Upstream Filtration System with Sludge Bed

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻫﻮازي- ﻫﻮازي در ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﯿﮑﺮوارﮔﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﻼﻣﻨﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﺣﺠﯿﻢ ﺷﺪن ﻟﺠﻦ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در راﻫﺒﺮي ﯾﮏ ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻗﻨﺪي (ﺑﺪﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺧﺎص اﯾﻦ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب) ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ و از آﻧﺠﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﮐﺎراﺋﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع راﮐﺘﻮر در ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻟﺬا در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از ﯾﮏ ﭘﺎﯾﻠﻮت 60 ﻟﯿﺘﺮي از ﺟﻨﺲ ﭘﻠﮑﺴﯽ ﮔﻼس ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﻮازي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ 38 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ، ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻫﻮازي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ 14 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ و زﻻل ﺳﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ 8 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺧﺎم وارد ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﯿﺮﻫﻮازي ﺷﺪه و در آﻧﺠﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻟﺠﻦ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ از ﮐﻒ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. ﭘﺲ از اﯾﻦ اﺧﺘﻼط ﺟﺮﯾﺎن از ﻗﺴﻤﺖ زﯾﺮ زﻻل ﺳﺎز وارد ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﻮازي ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﭘﺲ از ﻫﻮادﻫﯽ ﯾﮏ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن از ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻣﺎﯾﻊ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب وارد ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ زﻻل ﺳﺎز ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد در آﻧﺠﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻟﺠﻦ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻟﺠﻦ را ﺟﺬب ﮐﺮده و ﺳﭙﺲ آب ﺗﻤﯿﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ از ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﺎرج ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﭘﺲ از ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ داﺧﻠﯽ، ﻟﺠﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه در ﮐﻒ زﻻل ﺳﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻏﯿﺮﻫﻮازي در اﺑﺘﺪاي راﮐﺘﻮر ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ داده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﻗﻨﺪي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺳﻨﺘﺰي و ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﻼﺳﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﮐﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻗﻨﺪ وراﻣﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه آﻣﺎده و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از ﮐﺎراﺋﯽ و راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ در ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻗﻨﺪي ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﺮخ ﺑﺎر آﻟﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ روﺷﻬﺎي ﻣﻌﻤﻮل دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﺎرآﻟﯽ ﺗﺎ 10000 =COD ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ روﻧﺪي ﺻﻌﻮدي در راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﺎر آﻟﯽ ﺗﺎ 20000 =COD ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮﻟﯿﺘﺮ روﻧﺪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻧﺰوﻟﯽ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﯿﺐ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻼﯾﻢ و ﭘﺲ از آن ﺗﺎ 30000=COD ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ روﻧﺪ ﺣﺬف، ﮐﺎﻫﺸﯽ ﺳﺮﯾﻌﺘﺮ را داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺑﺎر آﻟﯽ 25000 =COD ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف و pH ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ در اداﻣﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﺑ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﯾﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Sludge bulking phenomenon for the effect of combining two non-aerobic-aerobic parts on the control of the filamentous microorganisms leading is one of the most important problems in the management of a wastewater treatment plant in the sugar industry (due to the specific composition of this wastewater) and this reduces the efficiency of wastewater treatment. So far, the efficiency of this type of reactor has not been investigated in the treatment of this type of wastewater. Therefore, this topic has been studied in this research. For this purpose, a 60-liter Plexiglas pilot plant was used including three aerobic sections of 38 liters, an anaerobic section of 14 liters and a clarifier with a volume of 8 liters. The crude wastewater was inserted into the anaerobic part, where it was mixed with sludge from the bottom of the reservoir. After this mixing, the stream flows inserts into the aerobic part from clarifier below. After aeration, a stream of liquid sewage mixture enters the bottom of the clarifier, where the sludge bed adsorbs the sludge clay, and then the water is removed by the valves outlet. After completing the internal cycle, the activated sludge collected in the bottom of the clarifier returns to the anaerobic part at the beginning of the reactor. Sugar wastewater was synthesized and prepared using the molasses provided by the Varamin Sugar Factory. The results indicate high efficiency of this process in wastewater treatment of sugar industry simultaneously with increasing organic loading rate compared with other common methods. The system under study has an increasing load of up COD=10000 mg has an upward trend in removal efficiency. By increasing the organic load to COD = 20,000 mg / l, the reduction efficiency is reduced but with a very gentle trend and then up to COD = 30,000 has been faster removal process. At the concentration of COD 25000= mg / l, the removal efficiency and pH of the system decreased, which was followed by research to control this problem.