مقايسه تعامل مادر-فرزند و خودكارآمدي مادران داراي فرزندان بيش فعال و عادي

Compare the Efficacy and Mother-Child Interaction Mothers with Children Hyperactive and Normal

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎدر- ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﻣﺎدران داراي ﻓﺮزﻧﺪان ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎل و ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻮد. ﻃﺮح ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻋﻠﯽﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪاي ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﺎدران داراي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎل و ﻋﺎدي ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮر ﻧﻮ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دادﻧﺪ. از ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﻮق ﺗﻌﺪاد 100 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺎدران داراي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻋﺎدي ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪان آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﺳﻨﯽ (6-10) ﺳﺎل ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ و در ﺳﺎل (95-96) ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ دﻫﮑﺪه ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان داﻧﺶ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ 100 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺎدران داراي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎل ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪان آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﺳﻨﯽ 6-10 ﺳﺎل ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ و در ﺳﺎل (95-96) ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮر ﻧﻮ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي دردﺳﺘﺮس ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي راﺑﻄﻪ واﻟﺪ ﮐﻮدك ﭘﯿﺎﻧﺘﺎ (1994) و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي ﺷﺮر (1982)ﺟﻮاب دادﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ و ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري در ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺧﻄﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي و ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎدر- ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه وﺟﻮد دارد و 42 درﺻﺪ از وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺪﯾﻨﻮﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، ﻣﺎدران داراي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﺑﯿﺶﻓﻌﺎل در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎدران داراي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻋﺎدي از ﻣﯿﺰان ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﺰدﯾﮑﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮي ﺑﺎ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن داﺷﺘﻨﺪ و داراي ﺗﻌﺎرض ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺎ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎﻧﺸﺎن ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and mother-child interaction mothers with children hyperactive and normal. Descriptive and comparative research design is causal. The sample consisted of 100 mothers of normal children that their children between the age groups (6-10) years and in the year (96-95) have referred to the school of the village of Tehran and also 100 mothers of children between the age group of hyperactive children who are 10-6 years. an‎d in the year (96-95) have referred to the hospital in Tehran Pastor No. The samples using multistage random cluster sampling and convenience sampling method was selected proportional to population size. To collect information from parent-child relationship scale Pyanta (1994) and Self-Efficacy Scale Scherrer (1982) was used. The data were analyzed by Multivariate of variance and Findings showed a significant difference in the linear combination of efficacy and mother-child interaction according to the groups and the results showed that Eta coefficient 42% of the variance in the dependent variables by variables (group of mothers with hyperactive children and normal) is explained. The way that mothers of hyperactive children compared with mothers of normal children had lower self-efficacy, near fewer children and have more conflict with their children.