بررسي تاثير شيوه مقابله مذهبي و تنظيم هيجانات بر اضطراب امتحان در مدارس مقطع راهنمايي ناحيه 2 شهرستان زاهدان

Evaluating the effect of religious coping and emotion regulation on test anxiety in Middle Schools of District 2 of Zahedan City

هدف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﺎت ﺑﺮ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎن در ﻣﺪارس ﻣﻘﻄﻊ راﻫﻨﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺎحيه 2 ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن زاﻫﺪان ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﻮع ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 300 ﻧﻔﺮ ازداﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ و ﭘﺴﺮ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺳﻮم ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن زاﻫﺪان اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ازﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﻮه ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﻇﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﯿﻠﯿﭙﺲ ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه ﺷﺪ. اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روﺷﻬﺎي ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﮔﺎم ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎم ﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ، ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻓﻌﺎل، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺧﯿﺮﺧﻮاﻫﺎﻧﻪ و ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﮑﻮس و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد كه ﺑﯿﻦ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﻞ و اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺧﺪا راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻋﻼو ﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺜﺒﺖ، ﻣﻬﺎر ﭘﺬﯾﺮي، اﺑﺮاز اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت و ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎ، ﻗﺎﻃﻌﯿﺖ، ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻃﻠﺒﯽ و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﺎت راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﮑﻮس و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﮔﺎم ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎم در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﺑله ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ و ﺗﻨﻄﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﺎت در ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﮔﺎم اول ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺧﯿﺮﺧﻮاﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ را از اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎن داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ؛ و در ﮔﺎﻣﻬﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻓﻌﺎل، ﻣﻬﺎرﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﻗﺎﻃﻌﯿﺖ اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪا وارد اﻟﮕﻮي ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮه در ﮔﺎم آﺧﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺜﺒﺖ وارد ﻋﻤﻞ ﺷﺪه و اﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ در ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ.

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of religious coping and emotional regulation on test anxiety in middle schools of District 2 of the city of Zahedan. This is a descriptive correlational study. The study population includes 300 grade-3 male and female students studying in middle schools of the city of Zahedan. The research variables were evaluated using the Religious Coping Style Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Phillips' Test Anxiety Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression methods. The results of Pearson correlation showed a significant inverse relationship between test anxiety and religious activities, active religious coping, philanthropic evaluation and religious coping. They also showed a significant positive relationship between test anxiety and the variables "passive religious coping" and "negative feelings towards God". In addition, the results of Pearson correlation showed that test anxiety has a significant inverse relation with positive performance, controllability, expression of emotions and needs, decisiveness, welfare-seeking and emotion regulation. The results of stepwise correlation test about the role of religious coping and emotion regulation in prediction of test anxiety showed that philanthropic evaluation was the strongest predictor of test anxiety at the first step; active religious coping, controllability, decisiveness, and negative feelings towards God entered the prediction pattern at the second step; and finally positive performance entered the pattern as the last step, and these variables have all been effective in prediction of test anxiety.