رابطه توانمندسازي و رضايت شغلي با بهره وري كاركنان وزارت آموزش و پرورش

Relationship between Empowerment and Job Satisfaction with Employees' Productivity in Tehran's Education System

ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي و رﺿﺎﯾﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن وزارت آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻮد. روش ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ را ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ي ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل 96-1395 ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽ داد و از اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺪول ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن و روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ي 377 ﻧﻔﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر آﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از ﺳﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي اﺳﭙﯿﺘﺮز (1995)، رﺿﺎﯾﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ ﺑﺮي ﻓﯿﻠﺪ و روث (1951) و ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار اﯾﻦ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﻻي 0.7 ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ؛ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺳﻨﺠﺶ رواﯾﯽ از رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ رﺳﯿﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار spss21 در دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ (ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ) اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن و ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي آن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري، اﺣﺴﺎس ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ و اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن راﺑﻄﻪ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺧﻮد ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن راﺑﻄﻪ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺧﻮد ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻨﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ، ﺑﯿﻦ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ و ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي آن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ، درك و ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺷﻐﻞ، ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، اﻧﮕﯿﺰش و ﺑﺎزﺧﻮر ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ.

The present study was aimed to examine the relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction with employees' productivity in Tehran's education system. Research method was practical in terms of objective; and in terms of data collection method, it was descriptive-correlational. In this research, the statistical population consisted of all employees of Tehran's education system (2016-2017). Using a Morgan Table and a stratified cluster random sampling method, a sample with 377 individuals was provided, and certain questionnaires were distributed. In order to collect data, three questionnaires were used: 1) Spiters's standard empowerment questionnaire (1995); 2) Feld and Ruth's job satisfaction questionnaire (1951); 3) employees' productivity made questionnaire. To measure the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, which was calculated to be greater than 0.7 for all three questionnaires. In addition, in order to measure the validity of the questionnaires, content validity was used. Hence, the questionnaires were approved by experts. Analysis of the data obtained from implementing the questionnaires was done through SPSS21 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (Pearson Correlation and Multifold Regression). Research findings showed that there was a relationship between employees' empowerment and its components such as feeling of being important, feeling of being eligible, and feeling of being effective with productivity; and there was a relationship between feeling of self-determination and productivity; in addition, there was a positive significant relationship between job satisfaction and its components such as the ability to understand and identify jobs, organizational support, motivation and feedback with employees' productivity.