هنجاريابي ابزار سنجش شادي در ايران (مورد مطالعه، شهر اصفهان)

(Standardizing an Instrument to Measure Happiness in Iran (Case study, Isfahan city

در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﻫﻨﺠﺎرﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﺑﺰار ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺷﺎدي در ﮐﺸﻮر اﯾﺮان ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﯿﻢ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ در اﯾـﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﺷـﻬﺮوﻧﺪان (15–60 ﺳﺎل) ﺷﻬﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﺮ 1/908/968 ﻧﻔﺮ دارد (ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎري ﻣﻠﯽ ﺳﺎل 1390). ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿـﺮي در اين ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ روش ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي اﺳﺖ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺪول ﮐﺮﺟﺴﯽ ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن و ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 385 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣـﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺧﻄﺎي آزﻣﻮن ﻧﯿﺰ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ 0.05 در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﻪ اﻣـﺎري از اﯾـﻦ رو ﺷـﻬﺮوﻧﺪان 15 ﺗـﺎ 60 ﺳـﺎل ﺷـﻬﺮاﺻﻔﻬﺎن در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻓﺮاد از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد، اﺟﺘﻤﺎع و ﻓﺮﻫﻨـﮓ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﯽ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ و از اﯾـﻦ رو ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ ﻣﯿﺸﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي ﮐﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد، ﻧﺎﻫﻤﮕﻦﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و از اﯾﻦ رو ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ و رواﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻟﻔﺎي ﮐـﺮون ﺑﺎخ (ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ) در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮي ﮐﻞ ﭘﺮس ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0.894 ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺷﺎدي، داراي 5 ﺑﻌﺪ و 41 ﺳﻮال ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح زﯾﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ: 1-اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺎ 14 ﺳﻮال، 2- ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﻟﺬت ﺑﺨﺶ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ 9 ﺳﻮال، 3-ﺧـﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑـﺎ 7 ﺳﻮال، 4-ﺷﺮﮐﺖ در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﺎ 6 ﺳﻮال، 6-ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﺮد ﺑﺎ 5 ﺳﻮال

In the present study, we aim to standardize an instrument to measure happiness in Iran. The population under study was the citizens (15-60 years old) of Isfahan city which include 1.908.968 people (according to the official national census, 2011). Sampling in this study was by a multistage cluster sampling and using Morgan sample size table the sample size was equal to 385.The margin of error in the survey was considered 0.05. The population under study was the citizens between the ages of 15 to 60 years old in city of Isfahan, the population was from different economic, social, and cultural classes. This results in more heterogeneity which in turn leads to better reliability and validity. Cronbach's alpha (reliability coefficient) for the whole questionnaire was equal to 0.894. According to the analyzes, the variable of happiness had five dimensions and 41 questions as follows: (1) The positive emotion with 14 questions, (2) enjoyable interactions with 9 questions, (3) self-care with 7 questions, (4) participating in meaningful activities with 6 questions, (5) social and economic structural acceptance with 5 questions.