تاثير برنامه رواني آموزشي بر افزايش احساس خودكارآمدي در دانش آموزان داراي اختلال يادگيري

The Effect of the Psycho-educational Program on Improving Selfefficacy in Students with Learning Disabilities

ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رواﻧﯽ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي در داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان داراي اﺧﺘﻼل يادگيري است. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪي ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن، ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 20 داﻧﺶآﻣﻮز ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼل ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي در ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽﻫﺎي ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و در دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺷﺮر و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران (1982) و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪي ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺪه ﺳﺒﮏ اﺳﻨﺎد ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن (1998) اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻢﭼﻨﯿﻦ آﻣﻮزش ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪي ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ 10 ﺟﻠﺴﻪي 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪاي ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ دو ﺑﺎر ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪي رواﻧﯽ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دارد. اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﭘﺸﺘﻮاﻧﻪاي ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎرﺑﺴﺖ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان داراي اﺧﺘﻼل ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي در ﮐﻨﺎر دورهﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزش ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the psycho-educational program on improving self-efficacy in students with learning disabilities. This semi-experimental study has been conducted with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research sample consisted of 20 students with learning disabilities in the Learning Disability Center of Tehran, who were selected using the convenience random sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Sherer et al. (1982) Self-efficacy Questionnaire and Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire-Revised (1998) have been used for data collection. In addition, the integrated program training was conducted in ten 90-minute sessions twice a week. The results of covariance analysis indicated that the psycho-educational program affects the self-efficacy of students with learning disabilities. These results can be used as a support to apply the cognitive interventions of students with learning disabilities besides the educational courses.