علوفه آرتيچوك (معروف به سيبزمينيترشي) در مرحله شروع گلدهي درو شد و پس از چاپر نمودن با سه سطح صفر، پنج و 10 درصد ملاس (در قالب طرح كاملاً تصادفي با سه تيمار و پنج تكرار) در سيلوهاي آزمايشگاهي سيلو گرديد. پس از گذشت 60 روز، سيلوها باز شد و ضمن نمونهبرداري، مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفتند. ارزيابي ظاهري علوفه سيلو شده با استفاده از شاخصهاي بو، بافت و رنگ مواد سيلو شده صورت گرفت. بلافاصله پس از نمونهبرداري نسبت به تعيين pH و ماده خشك اقدام گرديد. نيتروژن آمونياكي، اسيدهاي آلي و تركيبات شيميايي نمونهها نيز اندازهگيري شد. در ارزيابي ظاهري، بوي تخمير مناسب، عدم تغيير در ساختمان برگ و ساقه و نداشتن چسبندگي و ثابت ماندن رنگ اصلي گياه مشاهده گرديد. با افزايش سطوح ملاس، ميزان pH، نيتروژن آمونياكي، الياف نامحلول در شوينده خنثي و الياف نامحلول در شوينده اسيدي به صورت خطي كاهش يافت، اما ميزان ماده خشك، ماده آلي و كربوهيدراتهاي محلول در آب به صورت خطي افزايش يافت (0/01
چكيده لاتين :
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of molasses on fermentation
and chemical composition of Jerusalem artichoke (
Helianthus tuberosus
) fodder (JAF). A complete
randomized design with three treatments and five replications was used. The treatments were as
follows: JAF silage, JAF silage mixed with 50g molasses/kg fresh forage, and JAF silage mixed
with 100g molasses/kg fresh forage. The forage was cut at early flowering stage and chopped in a
stationary machine. The chopped fodder was ensiled in experimental silos (12 liter capacity),
equipped with nylon for gas escape. The material was compacted manually, placing approximately
10 kg fresh forage in each silo. The silos were open 60 days after closing for apparent evaluation
(color, smell and tissue) and sampling. When silos were opened sub-samples of approximately 50 g
were collected to analyze for pH, ammonia-N and organic acids (acetic, propionic, butyric, iso-
butyric, valeric, iso-valeric lactic acid). Another 50 g sub-sample was used for determining chemical
composition (DM, total nitrogen, Ash, water soluble carbohydrate, NDF and ADF). Results showed
that pH, ammonia-N, NDF, and ADF were decreased and content of
DM, OM and water soluble
carbohydrate of silage increased (P<0.001) by increasing level of molasses. However, as molasses
levels increased, a linear decrease for acetate was observed (P=0.01) but lactate and butyrate were
not affected. In conclusion, the
fodder yield of Jerusalem artichoke had enough quantity of water
soluble carbohydrate for reasonable fermentation in silage