پديد آورندگان :
درستكارگل خيلي، هما دانشگاه مازندران , يوسفي، يداله دانشگاه مازندران - گروه جغرافيا و برنامه ريزي شهري , رمضان زاده لسبوئي، مهدي دانشگاه مازندران - گروه مديريت جهانگردي , رورده، همت اله دانشگاه مازندران - گروه جغرافيا و برنامه ريزي شهري
كليدواژه :
تاب آوري , مخاطره , سيلاب , سكونتگاههاي روستايي , حوضهي نكارود
چكيده فارسي :
برنامههاي كاهش و پيشگيري از بروز فجايع از جمله سياستهايي است كه كشورها براي افزايش توان و ظرفيت جامعهشان در برابر بلايا، بهدنبال آن هستند. سيلاب از جمله مخاطراتي است كه در سالهاي اخير خسارات زيادي در مناطق مورد مطالعه بر جاي گذاشته است. با توجه به اينكه نميتوان از وقوع رخداد سيلاب جلوگيري كرد، ولي ميتوان با ارزيابي نقاط تابآور و آسيبپذير در برابر خطرات احتمالي، تا حدّ زيادي اثرات ناشي از سيلاب را كاهش داد. هدف از انجام اين تحقيق، سنجش ميزان تابآوري و شناسايي نقاط قدرت و ضعف روستاهاي تحتتأثير سيلاب در حاشيهي نكارود است كه بر اساس نمونهگيري تصادفي 8 روستا از بين روستاهايي كه تحت تأثير سيلاب در سالهاي اخير بودهاند، انتخاب شدند. روش تحقيق در اين مطالعه توصيفي- تحليلي و ماهيت آن كاربردي است. بر اين اساس براي ارزيابي تابآوري روستاهاي مذبور، از چهار بعد اقتصادي، اجتماعي، زيرساختي و نهادي بر اساس مدل مكان محور (DROP) استفاده گرديد. در مرحلهي بعد اطلاعات مورد نياز از خانوارهاي روستاهاي نمونه در قالب پرسشنامه، جمعآوري و بعد از كدگذاري در SPSS مورد پردازش قرار گرفت. يافتههاي تحقيق نشان ميدهد كه سكونتگاههاي مورد مطالعه در شرايط متفاوتي از نظر تابآوري قرار دارند. با در نظر گرفتن هر چهار بعد تابآوري، مشخص گرديد كه روستاي زرندين سفلي با بيشترين نمره ميانگين در رتبهي اول از لحاظ تابآور بودن در برابر مخاطرهي سيل قرار دارد. روستاهاي كوهساركنده و زرندين عليا در جايگاههاي بعدي هستند. با توجه به نتايج بدست آمده، روستاي گلبستان با كمترين ميانگين رتبهي آخر را از نظر ميزان تابآوري بدست آورده است.
چكيده لاتين :
Natural disasters is one of the main challenges for developing countries, which not only cause death and emotional pain and suffering of survivors, but greatly affecting development. Reduction programs and prevention of disasters, including policies that countries to increase community capacity in disaster, are followed to improve the effects of these disasters. One of the risks that affect Iran, is flooding. Iran has a very high risk of flooding, which in most years, about 70% of annual credit plan is paied to reduce the effects of natural disasters. Floods in recent years has left a lot of damage in many parts of Iran. Because the flood event and can not be prevented, but we can assess the resiliency and vulnerability of risks to reduce the effects of flooding greatly. Planning in disaster management process can reduce the risks of accidents and improve the resilience. Thus, how and by what means we can increase the capacity of society to accept a certain level of risk is very important. In recent years, many researches, focused over concept of resilience and disaster risk reduction policy. This research study area is the Nekarud basin in Mazandaran province. Population growth and unethical uses of Nekarud and natural resources, humans and their facilities, infrastructure and natural resources of the basin are vulnerable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resiliency and identify strengths and weaknesses in the flood affected villages Nekarud margin is based on random sampling of villages (8 villages) have been affected by floods in recent years, were selected. The research method is descriptive and analytical study of its nature. The aforementioned villages to assess the resilience, the four dimensions of economic, social, and institutional infrastructure based on the location of the axis (DROP) provided by Cutter and his colleagues in 2008, was used. According to the surveys and the results obtained, it can be stated that the model DROP, because of the location-based (geographic), and the integrity of the elections aspects and indicators to measure and assess the resilience of settlements is a good model. The dimensions considered to measure resilience include: economic, social, institutional and infrastructure. After determining the dimensions required components and indicators research, scientific references were identified by the study, questionnaires were prepared. Secondly, the need of the rural sample in the form of a questionnaire, collected and analyzed after coding in SPSS. The findings of the study showed that the settlements are in a different situation in terms of resilience in different dimensions. The economic resilience for the total sample is 8.96. The amount of this variable for Zarandin-e Olya, Zarandin-e Sofla, Abelo and Kuhsarkadeh rural settlements is higher than the average whole.