سقط جنين ناشي از تجاوز به عنف

Abortion by Rape

جرم تجاوز به عنف به موجب بند «ت» ماده 224 قانون مجازات اسلامي مصوب 1392 مستوجب اعدام زاني است و وفق قانون آيين دادرسي كيفري بايد از قرباني جرم، حمايتهاي قانوني لازم به عمل آيد تا ضمن دادرسي عادلانه و اعمال مجازات متجاوز، خسارات بدني، عاطفي و رواني وي نيز جبران گردد. مع الوصف تجويز سقط جنين ناشي از اين رابطه به سادگي امكانپذير نيست؛ هرچند برخي فقها با استناد به مباني فقهي مانند قواعد لاحرج، لاتضار والدها بولدها، دفاع مشروع و... رفع حرمت سقط جنين را با لحاظ شرايط روحي و رواني زن، اكراه و عدم رضايت وي در تحقق جرم و بارداري و نيز تحميل شرايط نامساعد اجتماعي و خانوادگي بر وي جايز دانسته اند؛ لكن اين امر با نظر مشهور فقها مغايرت داشته و با حق طفل بر بهره مندي از كليه حقوق انساني، از جمله حق حيات (پيش و پس از تولد)، نيز در تعارض است؛ زيرا طفل صرفنظر از نژاد، رنگ، مذهب، منشأ تولد، اقدامات والدين و... واجد حق تمتع از تمامي حقوق انساني است و به واسطه اعمال خلاف قانون والدين يا يكي از ايشان، نمي توان حق اوليه وي بر حيات را سلب كرد

The crime of rape is punishable only by the execution of adulterer according to the article 224 of the Islamic Penal Law coded in 1392. According to the criminal procedure law, the woman who is the victim of this crime must receive the necessary legal protections. In addition to having a fair trial and punishment against the perpetrator, the physical, emotional and psychological damage of the victim should also be compensated. Nevertheless, prescribing abortion due to the different decrees of jurists is not so simple. Some jurists try to justify the possibility of abortion by referring to Shariah general rules such as La-Haraj rule, meaning not enduring difficulty or harm for mother due to the bearing child or even the issue of self-defense. Moreover, severe psychological conditions of woman, her reluctance and dissatisfaction of bearing child and also the imposition of inconvenience by family and society put more emphasis on the possibility of abortion. Yet the issue is controversial especially among the majority of oppositions who think the reverse. On the other hand abortion is contrary to the right of living. The human being regardless of race, color, religion and origin is entitled to enjoy all human rights in spite of the crime of a parent.