بررسي ريشه هاي شكل گيري روايتي عاميانه دربارة كشف مرقد شاه چراغ در شيراز

Investigating the Roots of Formation of Slangy Narrative about Discovery of Shah Cheragh's Tabernacle in Shiraz

ﻣﺮﻗﺪ اﺣﻤﺪﺑﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﯽ اﻟﮑﺎﻇﻢ (ع) ﻣﺸﻬﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎه ﭼﺮاغ، در ﺳﺪه ﻫـﺎي اﺧﯿـﺮ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺤﻮل ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ در ﺷﯿﺮاز ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿـﻞ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻦ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ، در ادﺑﯿﺎت ﻣﺠﺎورانِ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﺪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺣﻀﻮر و ﻧﻤﻮدي ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﯾﮑﯽ از داﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻬﻮر در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻋﺎﻣﮥ ﺷﯿﺮاز، رواﯾﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ زﻣﺎن ﮐﺸﻒ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻣﺮﻗﺪ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺎﻣﺰاده را ﺑﻪ ﻋﺼﺮ ﻋﻀﺪاﻟﺪوﻟﮥ دﯾﻠﻤﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ؛ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻨﺤﺎل در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺪ اﺻﺎﻟﺖ اﯾﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺴﻨﺪه ﺷﺪه و رﯾﺸﻪ ﻫﺎ و زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿـﺮي آن در ﺗـﺎرﯾﺦ ﻋﺎﻣـﮥ ﺷﯿﺮاز، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﺑـﻪ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻣﺤﺘـﻮا، ﺿـﻤﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﺳـﯿﺮ ﺗﻄـﻮر رواﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺘﺒﯽ و ﺷﻔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد درﺑﺎرة زﻣﺎن و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﮐﺸـﻒ ﻣﺮﻗـﺪ، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ اﯾﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن و رﯾﺸﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ آن در رواﯾﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﮐﻪ زﻣﺎن ﮐﺸﻒ ﻣﺮﻗﺪ را ﻋﺼﺮ اﺗﺎﺑﮑﺎن داﻧﺴﺘﻪ، ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ، ﺧﻼف ﻧﻈﺮ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺷﯿﺮاز، ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ارﮐﺎن اﺻﻠﯽ رواﯾﺖ ﺷﻔﺎﻫﯽ راﯾﺞ در ادب ﻋﺎﻣﮥ ﺷﯿﺮاز، رﯾﺸﻪ در ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪات ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ و ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﻧﻮع ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﻣﺮﻗﺪ، آﻣﯿﺨﺘﮕﯽ داﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺸﻒ ﻣﺪﻓﻦ ﺷﺎه ﭼﺮاغ ﺑﺎ رواﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد درﺑﺎرة دﯾﮕﺮ اﻣﺎﻣﺰادﮔﺎن ﻣﺪﻓﻮن در ﺷﯿﺮاز و ﻧﻘﺶ اﻗﻄﺎب ذﻫﺒﯿﻪ در ادارة اﻣﻮر ﺟﺎري آﺳﺘﺎن، از دﯾﮕﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﺴﻂ و رواج اﯾﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن در ادﺑﯿﺎت و ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻋﺎﻣﮥ ﺷﯿﺮاز ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

In recent centuries, the tabernacle of Ahmad-Ibn Musa-al-Kazem renowned as Shah-e-Cheragh, has been one of the main centers and factors of cultural evolutions in Shiraz and because of locating in the old contexture of this city, the literature of its neighbors has a salient sight. One of the famous stories in slangy literature of Shiraz, is a narrative which ascribe the time of its discovery and building to the age of Azod-al-Dowle-ye-Deilami. Nonetheless, in the present researches which are most historical, is suffice to the criticism of its originality and the roots of its formation in the slangy literature of Shiraz has not been introduced and analyzed. The study whilst investigating the evolution of available written and verbal narratives about the time and the manner of its discovery, has also specifies the effective factors in forming this story and its probable roots in the historical narrative, by using content-analysis method, which ascribe the time of its discovery to the age of Atabakan. Results show that, contrary to the opinion of history scholars of Shiraz, some of the main pillars of oral narrative that are common in slangy literature of Shiraz, are rooted in historical and theosophical documentations. The type of its architecture, amalgamation of the story of the discovery of Shahcheragh's tomb with the available narratives about other entombed innocent persons in Shiraz and the role of Zahabiyeh sects in ruling the going affairs of holy shrine are also the other factors which were effective in the expansion of this story in the slangy literature of Shiraz.