مباني تفسيري محمد عابد الجابري در «مدخل الي القرآن الكريم» و «فهم القرآن الحكيم؛ التفسير الواضح حسب ترتيب النزول»

The basis of al-Jaberi’s Interpretation in "An Introduction to holy Qur'@n" & "Understanding of the Holy Qur'@n"

ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﺎﺑﺪ اﻟﺠﺎﺑﺮي، ﻣﺘﻔﮑﺮ ﻧﻮﭘﺮداز ﻣﺮاﮐﺸﯽ در ﺣﻮزه ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮاﯾﺸﯽ ﺧﺎص ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﻗﺮآن ﮐﺮﯾﻢ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. از آراء و ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎت او ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان اﺣﯿﺎي ﺗﻔﮑﺮ ﻣﻌﺘﺰﻟﻪ را ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﮐﺮد. در ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎم ﻣﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﯽ اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﮑﺮﯾﻢ ﻓﯽ اﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮآن و ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎم ﻓﻬﻢ اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﺤﮑﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮح ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮي ﺧﻮد ﻣﺒﺎدرت ورزﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺿﺮورت ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﻗﺮآن ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻧﺰول آﯾﺎت، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺼﺎدر ﻋﺮﺑﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮﻋﺮﺑﯽ و اﺳﻼﻣﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، اﻣﮑﺎن ﺻﺤﺖ رواﯾﺎت ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﯾﺎ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺣﺎدﺛﻪ، ﻋﺪم ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ ﻋﻘﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻘﺎﯾﻖ دﯾﻨﯽ، ﻓﺴﺎد ﺗﺄوﯾﻞ ﺑﺎﻃﻨﯽ از آﯾﺎت، وﺟﻮد ﺛﻮاﺑﺖ و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮات در ﮐﺘﺐ آﺳﻤﺎﻧﯽ، ﺧﺎرج از دﺳﺘﺮس ﻋﻘﻞ ﻧﺒﻮدن ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ دﯾﻦ، ﻟﺰوم اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ و ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري اﺳﺘﺪﻻﻟﯽ و ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻧﯽ از ﻗﺼﺺ ﻗﺮآن، ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮي ﺟﺎﺑﺮي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

Muhammad Abed al-Jaberi, a Moroccan modernist thinker in the field of Islamic studies, has been focusing on the interpretation of the Holy Quran. From his views and ideas we can find the Mu'tazilite thinking. In the preface of his commentary, “al-Madkhal ila al-Quran al-Karim” (An Introduction to holy Qur'an), has been propounded his interpretive foundations; The necessity of interpretation of Qur'an based on the order of the revelation of verses, the use of all Arabic and non-Arabic, Islamic and non-Islamic sources, the possibility of correctness of different or contradictory traditions related to an incident, the inconsistency of reason with religious truths, the corruption of the internal interpretation of the Qur'an, the existence of fixed and variable things in the scriptures, availability of understanding of religion for reason, necessity of rational and argumentative inference from Quranic stories, are the most important interpretive foundations of al-Jaberi.