كليدواژه :
مسكن , كيفيت واحد مسكوني , تصميم گيري چند معياره , روش ويكور , شهر مشهد
چكيده فارسي :
از آﻏﺎز ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺷﺪن ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﺷﻬﺮ، ﻣﺴﮑﻦ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آن را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻮرد ﻋﻠﺎﻗﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه داﻧﺴﺖ. ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻧﻈﺮي ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺷﻤﺮدن ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻬﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﯾﺎ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻟﺒﺘﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ در دوره ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ. ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﻃﻠﺎﻋﺎت ﭘﯿﺶ ﻧﯿﺎز در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ - ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي داده ﻫﺎي ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎري ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﺎل 1390 و در ﻣﺤﺪوده رﺳﻤﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻋﻠﺎوه ﺑﺮ آن در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﯾﻢ. ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف، 11 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارﻫﺎي Excel و ARC GIS ﭘﺮدازش آﻣﺎري و ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ آن ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﯿﻮه ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ اﺳﻨﺎدي اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﯽ، ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي در ﻣﻮرد ﻗﺮار دادن ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ در ﯾﮏ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺧﺎص ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ از روش وﯾﮑﻮر (از روﺷﻬﺎي ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎره) اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ 53 درﺻﺪ از واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و 12 درﺻﺪ در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ، ﮐﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺷﻬﺮي در ﻣﺮﻣﺖ ﺷﻬﺮي را ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﺨﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ از واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ، ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮق و ﺷﻤﺎل ﻏﺮب ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﺨﻮردﮔﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد اﺗﺎق در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ﺧﺎﻧﻮار و ﻧﻮع ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ، اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Since the beginning of the problem of the city, housing and quality of them, can be seen as the most important issue of interest to researchers in this field. Short view in studies show, one of the main elements of them is enumerating appropriate or inappropriate housing indicators. Of course, these indicators with regard to the definition of housing in different periods have been different. Quality of residential units, including the information necessary in many logistics activities- the city's development. Due this index, based on 1390 census data and official city of Mashhad were studied.In addition, in this study, assessment risk of effective factors in the quality of residential units. To achieve this goal, 11 physical parameters, using by Excel and ARC GIS software, statistical processing and maping. Type of research is applied and research method is analytical. and the documentary is a method of data collection. This kind of research is a way, decisioning to lay part of the housing units in a special category. Therefore VIKOR (method of multi criteria decision-making) is used. Considered indicators show that 53 percent of the housing units are in good condition and 12 percent in bad situation, which has claimed responsible of city management in urban restoration. A considerable portion of inadequate housing units located in the center and historic city, and north-east and north-west of the city.Variables survey shows, age, number of room that belong to family and type of material are effective factors in the quality of housing units, in this study.
