اثربخشي آموزش به شيوه مشاركتي بر تاب آوري و تدريس تحول آفرين شغل معلمي

The Effectiveness of Collaborative Teaching on Resiliency and Transformational Teaching for teacher’s profession

ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﻲ آﻣﻮزش ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮه ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺘﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺎب آوري و ﺗـﺪرﻳﺲ ﺗﺤـﻮلآﻓـﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻤـﺎن ﺑـﻮد روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺒﻪآزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﭘﻴﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ، ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻠﻴـﻪ ﻣﻌﻠﻤـﺎن ﭘﺎﻳـﻪ ﺳـﻮم اﺑﺘـﺪاﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ2 ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان و داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان آﻧـﺎن ﺑﻮدﻧـﺪ ﻛـﻪ از ﻣﻴـﺎن آﻧﺎن،10 ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧـﻪ ﻛـﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻳـﻞ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﺮﻛﺖ در دورهﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ، اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﻃﻲ 6 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ آﻣﻮزش ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮه ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺘﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و10ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه اﻧﺘﺨـﺎب ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ و ﻫـﻴﭻآﻣﻮزﺷـﻲ درﻳﺎﻓـﺖ ﻧﻜﺮدﻧـﺪ اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﭘـﮋ وﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳـﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗـﺎب آوري ﻛﻮﻧـﻮر و دﻳﻮﻳﺪﺳـﻮن )2003 و ﭘﺮﺳــﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗــﺪرﻳﺲ ﺗﺤــﻮل آﻓــﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﭼﺎﻣــﭗ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران،2010 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ داده ﻫـﺎ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻜﺮر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ داده ﻫـﺎ ﻧــﺸﺎن داد ﻛــﻪ در ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨــﺎداي 0,05 آﻣــﻮزش ﺑــﻪ ﺷــﻴﻮه ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺘﻲ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺗـﺎبآوري و ﺗـﺪرﻳﺲ ﺗﺤـﻮل آﻓـﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد روﻳﻜﺮد ﻳﺎدﮔﻴﺮي ﻣـﺸﺎرﻛﺘﻲ در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ روﻳﻜﺮدﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ ﻣـﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧـﺪ ﺗﺒﻌـﺎت ﺑـﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻔﻴﺪي ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن، ﻋﻠﻲاﻟﺨﺼﻮص در ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﻧﮕﻴﺰه و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺮﺳﻮدﮔﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ آن ﻫﺎ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان ﻳﻜﻲ از روﻳﻜﺮدﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﺗﺮ آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ و اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدد.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cooperative teaching on the teachers’ resilience and transformational teaching. The research method is quasi-experimental using pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of this study included all third grade elementary teachers in district 2 of Tehran and their students, to this end, ten volunteer teachers who were willing to attend training courses were selected and participated in 6 cooperative teaching sessions and 10 other teachers were selected as a control group and did not receive any training. The research tools were Conner and Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) and Transformational Teaching Questionnaire (Beauchamp et al., 2010). For analyzing the data, factor analysis variance on repeated measures was used. The results of the data analysis showed that cooperative learning leads to increase of teacher’s resiliency and transformational teaching (p<0.05). Cooperative learning approach, as compared to other teaching approaches, can have very beneficial effects on teachers, in particular to increase motivation and reduce their burnout, and can be introduced as one of the most advanced teaching approaches.