ﺗﮑﯿﮥ واژه و ﮔﺮوه در زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻧﻈﺮﯾﮥ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﮕﯽ

Word and Phrase Stress in Persian Language: Optimality Theory

ﻣﻘﺎﻟﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺗﮑﯿﮥ زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﮐﻠﻤﻪ و ﮔﺮوه ﻧﺤﻮي ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد و ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮﯾﮥ واجﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽِ ﻧﻮاﯾﯽ، ﺗﮑﯿﮥ واژﮔﺎﻧﯽ در زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ از اﻟﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﭘﯿﺮوي ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﺗﮑﯿﮥ واژﮔﺎﻧﯽ در زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة ﺗﮑﯿﮥ ﮐﻠﻤﮥ واﺟﯽ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ راﺳﺖرو اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺎ در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﮑﯿﮥ ﮔﺮوه، رﺟﻮع ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻧﺤﻮي و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺳﺎزهايِ دروﻧﯽِ ﺳﺎزة ﻧﺤﻮي اﻣﺮي اﺟﺘﻨﺎبﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﺳﺖ. اﺻﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻪﮔﺮﯾﺰي اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، 1379 و1384 ﺑﻪﺧﻮﺑﯽ از ﭘﺲ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻣﯽآﯾﺪ. از اﯾﻦ روي، ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از اﺻﻞ ﯾﺎدﺷﺪه ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﯽﺟﻮﯾﺪ. ﻫﺪف دﯾﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، اراﺋﮥ دﺳﺘﻮر اﻟﮕﻮي آﻫﻨﮓ ﮐﻠﻤﮥ واﺟﯽ، ﮔﺮوه واژهﺑﺴﺖ و ﮔﺮوه واﺟﯽِ زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮﯾﮥ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﮕﯽ(OT) اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، دادهﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ از اﺛﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ 1384 در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮﯾﮥ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﮕﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ و دﺳﺘﻮري ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﻧﻘﺾﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﮕﯽ اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

The present paper studies the stress pattern of Persian language at the word and syntactic phrase level and shows that in the framework of prosodic phonology lexical stress in Persian follows a consistent pattern. The lexical stress in Persian follows the phonological word stress rule (that is right-most), but in accounting for phrasal stress, reference to syntactic information and internal constituent structure of the syntactic constituent is inevitable. Head avoidance principle (Eslami 1379, 1384) clearly explains this issue. The present research therefore uses this principle for analyzing the data. This paper also examines the Optimality Theoretic (OT) grammar of phonological word, clitic group and phonological group’s prosodic pattern. In this regard, the research data are analyzed within the framework of Optimality Theory, and a grammar is presented benefitting from Optimality violable constraints.