ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﯿﺎنﺣﻮزهاي و ﻣﯿﺎنرﺷﺘﻪاي در زﺑﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﯾﺮان

Inter-field studies and interdisciplinarity in research articles in Iranian linguistics

وﺟﻮد اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﯿﺎنرﺷﺘﻪاي در ﺳﺮﺗﺎﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن، ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪاي در زﻣﯿﻨﮥ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ و روﻧﺪ ﻣﯿﺎن رﺷﺘﻪايﺷﺪن در زﺑﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﯾﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ، ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﻘﺎﻟﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﻮﺷﯿﺪهاﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻸ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽِ ﻣﺬﮐﻮر را ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮدي ﮐﻤّﯽ رﻓﻊ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. ﭘﯿﮑﺮة ﻓﺮاﻫﻢﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 1859 ﻣﻘﺎﻟﮥ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺮج از 47 ﻧﺸﺮﯾﮥ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ-ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻨﻮان، ﮐﻠﯿﺪواژهﻫﺎ و ﮔﺎه ﻣﺘﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﺗﮏﺗﮏ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت را در ﭘﺎﻧﺰده ﺣﻮزه و/ ﯾﺎ ﻫﻔﺖ ﻣﯿﺎنرﺷﺘﻪاي ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ 1353 ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ )73درﺻﺪ از ﮐﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ( ﺑﺎ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻣﯿﺎنﺣﻮزهاي ﯾﺎ ﻣﯿﺎنرﺷﺘﻪاي ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ داﻧﺶ زﺑﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ در اﯾﺮان، ﻫﻤﮕﺎم ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻋﻠﻮم در دﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺟﻬﺎن ﻣﯿﺎنرﺷﺘﻪاي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ، »ﻧﺤﻮ« ﭘﺮﺑﺴﺎﻣﺪﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﭘﺮﻧﻔﻮذﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه، و »ادﺑﯿﺎتوزﺑﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ« ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﺮﺑﺴﺎﻣﺪﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﭘﺮﻧﻔﻮذﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎنرﺷﺘﻪاي اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞِ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻌﯽِ ﺣﻮزهﻫﺎ و ﻣﯿﺎنرﺷﺘﻪايﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮزة »ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن« ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎن رﺷﺘﻪايِ ادﺑﯿﺎت و زﺑﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دارد. ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽِ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎنِ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ درﻣﺠﻤﻮع، 127 داﻧﺸﮕﺎه و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ در ﻧﮕﺎرش ﻣﻘﺎﻻتِ ﭘﯿﮑﺮة ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ و اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺳﻬﻢ داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻮازن اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ اﻋﻀﺎي ﻫﯿﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن 10 داﻧﺸﮕﺎه، در ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ 72 درﺻﺪ از ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻧﻘﺶ داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ و 28 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﻗﯽﻣﺎﻧﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن 117 داﻧﺸﮕﺎه اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دادهﻫﺎ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ زﻣﺎن، ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ در 25 ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﯿﺎن رﺷﺘﻪايﺷﺪن ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.

In spite of the significance of interdisciplinary studies throughout the world, the nature and trend of interdisciplinarity seems to be under-researched in Iranian linguistics. To address the issue, the authors of the present study attempted to investigate this trend quantitatively. The corpus of the study includes 1859 articles from 47 peer-reviewed journals. Taking the article titles, their keywords and sometimes their body into account, the articles were classified into 15 fields and/or 7 interdisciplinary areas. The number of inter-field or interdisciplinary articles, calculated as 1353 (73%), suggested that like other sciences in the world, Iranian linguistics is undergoing an interdisciplinarity process. 'Syntax' and 'Literature & Linguistics' were identified as the most frequent and the most influential fields subject to interdisciplinarity respectively. The intersection of the fields and interdisciplinaries indicates that the interaction between the field 'discourse analysis' and the interdisciplinary 'Literature & Linguistics' is the highest in the corpus. The affiliation of the articles' authors showed that they are from 127 universities and/or educational and research-based institutions. The share of universities is completely unbalanced, as the faculty members and students of 10 universities have contributed 72 percent of the corpus articles. With respect to the time variable, it is confirmed that the degree of interdisciplinarity has grown significantly within past 25 years.