تحليل پديدارشناسانه باورهاي ديني دانش‌آموزان و ارائه راهكارهايي براي كاهش‌ چالش‌ها و آسيب‌هاي موجود

Phenomenological Analysis of the Religious Beliefs of Students and Offering Strategies for Reducing Challenges and Existing Injuries

پي‌بردن به خلأهاي اعتقادي، اخلاقي، عاطفي و معنوي توسط والدين و دست‌اندركاران تربيت مي‌تواند زمينه مساعدي براي شكل‌دهي، شكل‌گيري هويت ديني نوجوانان و كاهش‌ آسيب‌هاي رو به فزون در اين حوزه و تقويت دين‌باوري در آينده باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف واكاوي عميق در معني و مفهوم باورهاي ديني دانش‌آموزان پايه هشتم، بازنمايي درك و تجربه زيسته اين‌ افراد از دين و عوامل مؤثر در شكل‌گيري آن و ارائه راهكارهاي راهبردي براي كاهش‌هاي آسيب‌هاي موجود انجام شده است. بدين‌منظور و با توجه به ظرفيت شگرف رويكردهاي كيفي و به‌ويژه روش پديدارشناسي، از مصاحبه نيمه‌ساختاريافته استفاده شد كه در شانزدهمين مصاحبه با دانش‌آموزان پا‌يه هشتم كه با روش نمونه‌گيري هدفمند انجام شد، به حالت اشباع رسيد و داده‌‌هاي حاصل با راهبرد كُلايزي تحليل شد. يافته‌ها حاكي از آن است كه دانش‌آموزان مورد مطالعه، نسبت به باورهاي ديني، نگاهي احساسي و به دور از درك اولويت‌هاي ديني داشته و بصيرت‌افزايي ديني از طريق مباحثه بر اصول بنياديني نظير، «وسيله بودن عبادت براي شكل‌گيري عبوديت» و «معيار قضاوت نبودن اشخاص در شناسايي حق يا باطل»، بيش از پيش ضرورت دارد.

Discovering the ideological gaps, moral, emotional and spiritual by parents and upbringing practitioners can make a favorable context for shaping, forming identity religious in adolescents and reduce the increasing damages in this sphere and strengthen the religion belief in future. The aim of present study is deep explore in meaning and the concept of religious belief in eighth grade students has been done. Representation and understanding this people’s lived experience and affecting factors in forming and offering the guideline strategies for reducing the present damages is considered. For this purpose and according to the fanciful capacity of qualitative approaches especially phenomenology of semi-structured interviews with students at the sixteenth interview with eighth grade students was used. The method was purposeful sampling and saturation is appeared and data results were analyzed with the seven stage Collizzi. The findings show that these students have got sensational view to religious belief and they couldn’t understand the religious priority. results also indicate that their religious belief are appeared in four groups , including “ belief” , “ religious feelings”, “ religious activities” , “ thinking and religious knowledge “.what was extracted from interviews indicated that students described three main issues including “ learning environment and teachers” ,” the role of families and parents” , “ media and advertising methods in society” and they believed that these three main issues are the factors of debilitation or amplification of religious belief in their opinion.