مقايسه سبكي هجويات حطيئه و خاقاني

A Stylistic Comparison between the Satires of Khaghani and Hotaieh

ادبيات تطبيقي يكي از رويكردهاي نو در ادبيات معاصر جهان است و بي ترديد نقش سازنده و موثري در غني سازي ادبيات هر ملتي ايفا مي كند و زمينه هاي شناخت و بهره مندي وسيع از انواع ادبي ملل مختلف را ايجاد مي كند. يكي از انواع ادبي كه بسامدهاي گوناگون آن در آثار بيشتر شاعران پارسي گو و عربي سرا واقع شده و آثار قابل ملاحظه و خواندني در اين نوع به وجود آورده، «هجويه سرايي» است. مقايسه سبكي اين نوع ادبي در اشعار شاعران زبان فارسي و زبان عربي زمينه ساز تبيين اشتراكات و افتراقات بين آن ها مي شود. پژوهش حاضر در حوزه ادبيات تطبيقي بر اساس مكتب ادبيات تطبيقي آمريكايي و با هدف بررسي مهم ترين وجوه اشتراك و افتراق سبكي هجويات حطيئه و خاقاني صورت گرفته است. روش پژوهش، توصيفي تحليلي و مبتني بر ديوان هر دو شاعر است. انتظار مي رود، نتايج اين پژوهش شناخت هر چه بهتر و دقيق تري از هجويات حطيئه و خاقاني را ارائه دهد و زمينه مطالعه و فهم بهتر اين نوع از اشعار را در حوزه ادبيات تطبيقي فراهم سازد.

Satire is a genre of literature that has been observed in different frequencies in the works of most Persian and Arab poets, who have created remarkable works worth reading in this genre. The stylistic comparison of this literary genre in Persian and Arabic poems forms the basis of determining the similarities and differences between them. The present study has been conducted in the field of comparative literature and is based on the American school of comparative literature, with the aim of investigating the main stylistic similarities and differences between Khaghani’s and Hotaieh’s satires on three linguistic, literary, and intellectual levels. The study has adopted a descriptive-analytical methodology and is based on the two poets’ books of poetry. The results suggest that at the linguistic level, both poets have used different meters in writing satire, but the rhythm in Khaghani’s satires is more prominent than it is in Hotaieh’s satires. Also, they have both written in a non-offensive language. At the literary level, Khaghani’s satires are more abundant with figures of speech. Finally, at the intellectual level, Hotaieh was motived by social inferiority in writing satire, but Khaghani was motivated by subjective and personal discomfort in writing satire.