كليدواژه :
تحليل محتواي كيفي , خوانش متن , دانش تجربي ادبيات (ESL) , كتاب خاطرات دا , گروه كانوني
چكيده فارسي :
كتاب دا يكي از متون مرتبط با جنگ است كه در سال هاي اخير جايگاه مناسبي را در بين متون ادبي به خود اختصاص داده است. مقاله حاضر سعي دارد تحليلي از فهم خوانندگان از خوانش اين كتاب را بيان دارد. با توجه به مفهوم تازه تاسيس دانش تجربي ادبيات (ESL) كه به كنش هاي سيستم كلي ادبيات، همچون متن، نويسنده و خواننده مي پردازد و نظريه هاي سه انديشمند مهم در حوزه نظريه هاي ادبي خواننده محور- يعني ياوس، آيزر و روزنبلت- به تحليل خوانش مخاطبان از متن كتاب دا توجه شده است. در اين تحقيق از روش تحليل محتواي حاشيه نويسي خوانندگان بر كتاب دا، روايت آنان از دا همچنين از روش گرو ه كانوني استفاده شده است. گروه خوانندگان اين تحقيق پنج نفر بودند. يافته هاي تحقيق نشان مي دهد خوانندگاني كه خوانشي همسو با نويسنده داشتند، كل روايت كتاب را قبول كردند و سعي در توجيه مشكلات روايت داشتند. آنان حجم بالاي كتاب و بعضي جزئيات اغراق آميز آن را قبول داشتند، اما سعي مي كردند اين اشكالات را رفع كنند يا جزئي نشان دهند. در مقابل، خوانندگان ناهمسو با نويسنده، سعي داشتند تا متن را به چالش بكشند، رئال بودن متن را زير سوال برند و آن را تفسيري غيرواقعي از جنگ و موضوعات پيرامون آن مي دانستند.
چكيده لاتين :
Da is a memory of Iraqi war against Iran. This narration of war is a representation of young girl life that had a significant role in her own time. This book challenges masculinity of war and passes out gender as a limitation. The important narration of war, mentioned in Da, has been associated with 150 republication and these elements confirm research on Da. This article tries to attempts to analyze the understanding of Da reading by its narrates. According to the new concept of empirical science of literature (ESL), and according to theories of three reader-response Criticism (Jauss, Iser and Rosenblatt), we try to analyze reading of Da text by readers. The method used in the article, is the qualitative content analysis of the texts and focus group discussions that took place between the audiences of Da. These were achieved from the questionnaire before reading the Da, a story those readers of this book was narrated and notation on Da. In this article, the understanding of the audience while reading the Da studied. The samples were selected at different ages, sex and ideology. Thus, with the targeted sampling method, five people were selected, and they were asked to answer the questionnaire before they start reading Da. After that, the samples began gradual reading of Da. Each sample during reading of Da, attempted to write his comments in the margins. After reading the book, readers were asked to participate in focus group discussions. They also presented their narration of Da at the short text. In this short story, readers tried to disclose the best parts of Da in their opinion. The focus group discussion was attended by the all readers. In this discussion, comments from other readers challenged, and they began to discuss with one another. Our findings indicate that readers had concomitance reading the author, accepted the whole narration of book and tried to justify narrative problems. They admitted that the large number of Da pages (812 pages) and that some details of the book are exaggerated. In contrast, readers were disagreeing with the author’s point of view, tried to make the text challenging, questioning the reality of book, and interpreted the text as false narration of war and its issues. In general, all readers of Da believed that the book is exaggerated in some respects and also believed Da hasn’t been read in wide rage.
