مقايسه تأثير سيرتحول فكري ـ تشكيلاتي بركنشگري حزب‌الله لبنان و اخوان‌المسلمين مصر

Comparison of The Effect of formative-thought Transformation Process on Lebanon Hezbollah and Egypt Akhavan Al-Moslemin

جنبش‌هاي اسلامي معاصر از جمله جنبش‌هاي ضد هژمونيكي محسوب مي‌شوند كه در فرآيند تكاملي آن‌ها، برخورداري از ايدئولوژي، رهبري كاريزماتيك و تشكيلات سازماني منسجم در ماهيت كنشگري آنان حائز اهميت است. ايدئولوژي، تعيين‌كننده آرمان‌ و استراتژي‌ جنبش‌هاي اسلامي است كه در جذب توده‌ها و آماده نمودن آنان براي كنش فعالانه مؤثر است. در اين راستا نقش رهبري در تدوين، تفسير و تحول ايدئولوژي از يك‌سو و برپايي تشكيلات سازماني منسجم و منعطف، جهت هدايت و جذب توده‌هاي مردمي به سمت كنش ديني ـ سياسي قابل توجه است. با توجه به اين‌كه دو جنبش اخوان‌المسلمين و حزب‌الله از جمله جنبش‌هاي اسلامي هستند كه سابقه چند دهه فعاليت سياسي ـ تشكيلاتي دارند اما به نظر مي‌رسد كه جنبش حزب‌الله لبنان به دليل بهره‌مندي از مؤلفه‌هايي چون ايدئولوژي انعطاف‌پذير، ساختار تشكيلاتي منسجم، رهبري كاريزماتيك و استراتژي‌هاي عمل‌گرايانه نسبت به اخوان‌المسلمين در جذب توده‌هاي مردمي و تأثيرگذاري بر عرصه قدرت سياسي، كنش فعالانه‌تر و مؤثرتري را از خود به نمايش گذاشته است.

Deconstruction is a strategy for demonstrating the contribution of philosophy to achieving the meaning of democracy in the postmodern world. It seeks to establish philosophical principles consistent with the principle of tolerating others and democracy in the post-democracy world. Meanwhile, Derrida's ideas in the field of socio-political democracy, such as future democracy and its oncoming challenges, are also rooted in his philosophy. Hence, democracy and deconstruction are the two sides of a coin, and one cannot be understood without the other. This connection is unbreakable and necessary and pivotal to Derrida's thinking about philosophy and politics. The breakthrough has come to suggest new horizons with the critique of modern systems including Western democracies that marginalized forces on the frontiers of democracy can actively participate in determining their own destinies. Contrary to positive methods, the underlying breach does not have a relative relation with the ultimate clarity of the Western society, and it is considered to be the fruits of the linear maturity of history. On the contrary, with the critique of metaphysical systems, it is a strategic breakthrough, so that the inertia of the universe becomes the instrument of successive negotiation. As far as the subject of this article is concerned, it attempts to define the Western metaphysical breakdown, then it shows how Derrida has benefited from this strategy in order to open up the political blockade of Western democratization with ongoing openings. The study of the link between deconstructive philosophy and democracy and how they interact with each other will be the cornerstone of this article.