تحليل گفتمان انقلاب اسلامي ايران با استفاده از مفهوم دموكراسي كثرت گراي راديكال لاكلاو و موفه

Discourse Analysis of Iran's Islamic Revolution using the concept of pluralistic democracy radical of Laclau and Mouffe

تحليل گفتمان به چگونگي شكل­ گيري و تثبيت و متلاشي­شدن گفتمان­ها مي­پردازد. رويكرد گفتماني لاكلاو و موفه يكي از شيوه ­هاي تحليل گفتمان است. دموكراسي كثرت­ گراي راديكال مهم‌ترين راه­حل و ايده­ اين دو فيلسوف براي رفع نابرابري­ هاي اجتماعي است. در اين نوشتار با استفاده از مفهوم دموكراسي كثرت­گراي راديكال به تحليل گفتمان انقلاب اسلامي ايران پرداختيم و نشان داديم كه انقلاب مشروطه آغاز روند دموكراسي خواهي در ايران بوده و بعد از آن به تدريج بلوك­ هاي موقت دموكراسي خواهي در ايران شكل گرفت كه يكي از آن­ها گفتمان انقلاب اسلامي بود. در اين بلوك موقت گفتمان­ هاي مختلف مخالف گفتمان پهلوي گرد آمدند. اين گفتمان­ ها با ايجاد يك زنجيره­ هم ارزي وحدت و استقلال گفتماني خود را حفظ كردند. با تثبيت معاني اين گفتمان و متلاشي شدن گفتمان پهلوي، زنجيره­ هم ارزي جاي خود را به منطق تفاوت و تخاصم داد كه سبب نزاع گفتماني و مسلط شدن گفتمان اسلامي در حوزه­ اجتماع گفتمان حكومتي ايران شد. در پي اين اتفاق گفتمان جمهوري اسلامي شكل گرفت.

Discourse is a concept of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary and is the most complex concepts of our time. For Laclau and Mouffe، discourse is signs that articulated around a nodal point. Discourse is a tool that gives meaning to the universe. Iran's Islamic Revolution is one of the most controversial contemporary world's revolution. Scholars have different ideas about how to shape and occurrence of this revolution have provided. In this article we attend to with concept of Radical Pluralism Democracy of laclau and Moufee studies Iran's Islamic Revolution. Constitutional Revolution as a democratic revolution was the beginning of democracy in Iran. Since then، temporary block against forms of domination and oppression have shaped and activities and Islamic Revolution is one of the temporary blocks for democracy in Iran. In this temporary block، opposition gathered in different discourses. Discourses in this temporary block، by creating a chain of equivalence could maintain their unity and independence. By fixing meanings of the Islamic Revolution and the collapse of the Pahlavi discourse، chain of equivalence replaced by the antagonism that cause conflict and political discourse of the Iranian government in the field of social discourse. Pluralist Radical democracy created numerous subjectivity position and at the same time، each subject to continuous calls to the position of subjectivity. Chain of equivalence is crystallizing subject temporarily in the position of subjectivity but discursive conflict and Antagonism creates new Articulations. Islamic Revolution discourse after the collapse of the Pahlavi was experiencing internal conflict. Temporary block was formed by the equivalence chain was dismantled by the conflict. Islamic discourse was dominant in the discourse community. With Islamists dominating the discourse of the Islamic Republic was formed. In this block، discursive struggle is underway. This is Laclau and Mouffe's idea about the community and society