بررسي تحولات نابرابري درآمد در مناطق شهري و روستايي كشور با بكارگيري منحني لورنز بتا (1386-1376)

A Survey of Income Inequalities in Urban and Rural Areas using Beta Lorenz Curve technique

در اين مقاله سعي شده است كه با بكارگيري داده‌هاي گروه‌بندي شدۀ بودجۀ خانوار، انتشار يافته توسط مركز آمار ايران و با استفاده از منحني لورنز بتاي معرفي شده در تيكينز (1987)، به تفكيك براي مناطق شهري و روستايي كشور علاوه بر استخراج منحني لورنز و ضريب جيني، ساير سنجه هاي نابرابري را در دورۀ زماني 1386-1376 بدست آوريم. سپس براي بررسي روند تحولات نابرابري درآمد دورۀ مذكور را به دو دورۀ مكمل 80-1376 و 86-1381 تقسيم كرده و با بهره‌گيري از تكنيك "بوت استرپ" اقدام به تشكيل يك جامعۀ آماري ساختگي زده‌ايم تا بتوانيم مقايسه‌اي را در خصوص توزيع درآمد ارائه كنيم. نتايج بدست آمده حكايت از آن دارد كه در نيمۀ دوم دورۀ تحت بررسي (86-1381) وضعيت توزيع درآمد در مناطق شهري و روستايي بهتر شده است.

The Study of Income Distribution and its Inequality still poses some theoretical and practical challenges to economists. Research Institutes, International publishing organizations and scientific research Papers produced so far, altogether do acknowledge the very importance of conducting a genuine study on this topic with a view to casting light on untapped dimension of income distribution and related issues. The political and economic repercussion of income distribution and inequality has given this topic an overwhelming importance in the development of new frontiers in economics in general and political economics in particular. In this study attempts were made to use household budget data published by Iran Statistical Center along with Beta Lorenz curve technique introduced by Teekens (1987). The result has been the extraction of Beta Lorenz curve and Gini Coefficient both for rural and urban areas specified in this paper, over the period of 1378-86[1](Iranian calendar) by Iranian colander system). To focus on income Inequality for certain period of time, the entire period was divided into two sub-period viz. (1376-80) and (1381-86). To compare income inequality, using Bootstrap technique, a pseudo statistical population was constructed. The final results reveal that income distribution measure has improved in the second period (1381-86), both in urban and rural areas.