تأثير درمان مبتني‌بر پذيرش و تعهد بر فشار مراقبت و استرس زناشويي مادران كودكان استثنايي

Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Caregiver Burden and Marital Stress in Mothers of children with Special Needs

هدف: توجه به زندگي فردي و زناشويي خانواده‌هاي داراي كودكان استثنايي و بهبود زندگي آنان اهميت زيادي دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر تعيين اثربخشي آموزش درمان مبتني‌بر پذيرش و تعهد بر فشار مراقبت و استرس زناشويي مادران كودكان استثنايي است. روش‌بررسي: اين پژوهش از نوع شبه‌آزمايشي بود. جامعهٔ مطالعه‌ شده را تمام مادران داراي كودكان استثنايي شهر زاهدان تشكيل دادند. نمونهٔ پژوهش شامل 30 زن (گروه آزمايش=15 نفر و گروه كنترل =15 نفر) بود. آزمودني‌ها با روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس انتخاب‌ شده و به‌صورت تصادفي قرار گرفتند. براي جمع‌آوري داده‌هاي پژوهش، پرسشنامهٔ فشار مراقبت (FBIS) و استرس زناشويي (SMSS) به‌كار گرفته شد. براي آموزش آزمودني‌ها از پروتكل آموزش درمان مبتني‌بر پذيرش و تعهد در ده جلسهٔ 45دقيقه‌اي استفاده شد. يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد آموزش درمان مبتني‌بر پذيرش و تعهد تأثير معناداري بر فشار مراقبت و استرس زناشويي دارد (0٫01≥p). نتيجه‌گيري: با آموزش گروهي درمان مبتني‌بر پذيرش و تعهد مي‌توان از مشكلات فردي و زناشويي خانواده‌هاي با كودكان استثنايي كاست و به بهبود زندگي آنان كمك كرد.

Background & Objective: Expanding opportunities and enhancing the quality of life of children and young adults with disabilities and their families is a challenging task. An increasing number of parents are refusing to enroll their children at special schools. Due to the necessity of personal and marital life and the importance of improving the lives, families with children with special needs, this study examines the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on caregiver burden and marital stress of mothers of children with special needs. Methods: The study employed a two group pre-test post quasi-experimental design. The study population consisted of all married women in Zahedan with a least one child with special needs. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 30 participants. The participants were randomly assigned to experiment and control groups in equal numbers. The research instruments were Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS) and Marital Stress Scale (MSS). The experiment group received Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in ten sessions each lasing 45 minutes. Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was used to test the research hypotheses. Results: The results showed that a significant impact of acceptance and commitment therapy training (P<0.05) on marital stress and caregiver burden. Also, the effect size and power strength were 0.68 and 0.95 for caregiver stress scores and 0.77 and 0.93 for marital stress scores, respectively, which show that the effect of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on the amount maternal stress and marital stress have been remarkable and strong. Conclusion: Marital stress and psychological stress can result from the lack of acceptance, consciousness or non- commitment and avoidance of conflict and insincerity. So group training therapy based on acceptance and commitment may improve the lives of families with special needs.